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FORMS
SHAPES
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AREAS & VOLUMES (Internal Measurements)
A room has three spatial dimensions: length, height and width. These dimensions are measured in millimetres or metres. The volume of a room equals length times height times width. Volume is measured in cubic metres (m3). The area of a surface in a room is measured in square metres (m2).
1 ST WORKMAN: Right, we’ve finished measuring the dimensions of the building, let’s check the measurements with the drawings to see if they agree. 2 ST WORKMAN: O.K. You read out the measurements and I’ll check them on the drawings. 1 ST WORKMAN: Are you ready? 2 ST WORKMAN: Yes. 1 ST WORKMAN: O.K. The external length of the building is 12500 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: That’s right. 1 ST WORKMAN: That’s the external width is 7550 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: That’s O.K. too. What about the height? 1 ST WORKMAN: Hold on a minute. Ah yes. The height from the ground level to the top of the parapet is 7950 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: Good. Those measurements agree alright. Let’s check the internal ones now. 1 ST WORKMAN: Right. Oh… Which room first? 2 ST WORKMAN: Let’s start with the entrance hall. 1 ST WORKMAN: O.K. That room is square with a side of 2200 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: Yes. That’s good. Now the living room. 1 ST WORKMAN: That’s 4800 mm by 3800 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: Yes. And the kitchen/dinning room? 1 ST WORKMAN: 4500 by 4000 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: Wait a minute! Are you sure we measured it to be 4500 mm long? It should be 4800 mm because it’s the same length as the living room. 1 ST WORKMAN: Sorry. I can’t read my own writing. You’re right, it’s 4800 mm by 4000 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: And the first bedroom? 1 ST WORKMAN: 4000 by 3150. 2 ST WORKMAN: And the second bedroom? 1 ST WORKMAN: 3250 by 2250. 2 ST WORKMAN: And the bathroom? 1 ST WORKMAN: 2130 by 1220 mm. 2 ST WORKMAN: So far so good – now some heights. What is the floor-to-ceiling height? 1 ST WORKMAN: Ah. Now. The floor-to-ceiling height for all rooms except the bathroom and toilet is 3000 mm. The ceiling in the bathroom and toilet are 900 mm lower 2 ST WORKMAN: Umm … 900 from 3000 that’s … 1 ST WORKMAN: 2100. 2 ST WORKMAN: That’s right. Good. Carry on. 1 ST WORKMAN: Well. In each room the windowsill height is 900 mm and the window head height is 2100 mm above the floor. 2 ST WORKMAN: That’s great. All the measurements agree thank goodness. Let’s go and have a cup of tea. 1 ST WORKMAN: Wait a minute! You’ve got the wrong drawings there haven’t you? 2 ST WORKMAN: Don’t be silly they’re the right ones … 1 ST WORKMAN: No, they’re not …
BUILDING LOCATION
Example 1: The front of the building faces west. The front of the building is west-facing. Example 2: The short walls face east and west to minimize the area exposed to the sun. Example 3: The long axis is orientated east-west. Example 4: The site is bounded by a road to the west. A road runs along the western boundary. Example 5: The site has vehicular access from the road to the west.
The building site is approximately … in shape. It is bounded by … to the north, … to the east and … to the west. Vehicular access is from a … which … the western boundary. The long axis of the building is … east-west to minimize …
CONTROL 1
PRACTICE
To celebrate the bicentennial (двухсотлетие) of the foundation of the city of Cleveland this huge Ferris wheel was projected. It contains a number of restaurant pods (люлька, кабинка) which rotate once every hour-time for a brisk (быстрый) meal. Architect: - This spectacular image will be a gift for Cleveland and the world. Client: - …? Architect: - 280 feet. Client: - …, a 30-storeyed building height is great. …? Architect: - High-strength steel tubes 12 inches in diametre. Client: - …, steel is the strongest modern material, I guess. …? Architect: - Cylinders 20 feet in diameter, 40 feet long. Client: - … Architect: - I wouldn’t agree to you there. One cylinder will place 4 tables, privacy does not need anything else. Client: - …? Architect: - From 18 to 28 persons at a time. Client: - … Architect: - Yes, that’s exactly my point. There will be a dining-area, a bar, a kitchen, one toilet. Client: - …? Architect: - Services and the access will be located on either side of the dining-area. Client: - …? Architect: - Glass. Specially designed glass. Client: - … Architect: - Yes, that’s how I feel. The wheel is located in an area adjacent to the Detroit Superior Bridge and faces the river and the park. Splendid view! Client: - … . …? Architect: - The vehicular one will be from Huron Road. There is a parking. The pedestrian access is along the 55-feet staircase. Client: - … Architect: - Is it disturbing you? I’m not so sure about it. This will be a stepped park with lots of recreation places at different levels. Client: - … ________________________________________________________________________________
This will be a concrete mixing plant in Helsinki. It will be situated in an area of heavy traffic (дорожное движение). The site is smaller than a plant requires, and the gravel conveyor will come round the area. The first storеy floor will have the smallest area so that there is space around the building for tracks (грузовик) to maneuver. The site is bounded by residential areas and the mixing process will be encapsulated to prevent the environment (окружающая обстановка) from dust. The metro runs along the western boundary. The contractor paid special attention to attractive finishing. He also made the environment as congenial (благоприятный) to working as possible (north-south orientation of the personnel (штат работников) building, run-screen (жалюзи) on the south window, greenery (зелень) boundaries to provide visual screening, etc). The units are made of concrete, glass, plastics, wood, steel. “The interaction of the various materials forms the core (суть) of the architectural entity (целостность)” (Kai Wartiaimen, the architect of the project). WILL IT SUIT THE CLIENT?
Discussing a Project Client: - I wonder if you could explain these drawing to me, please. Architect: - Yes, certainly. Where shall we start? Client: - What are these spaces on the ground floor used for? Architect: - As you go through the entrance there is a toilet immediately on the right, here. Adjacent to it the stable is placed with access from the courtyard which is located in the centre of the house. Client: - I see. The courtyard doesn’t have the roof. Architect: - Right, it’s an open courtyard. Client: - And the staircase leads to the first floor, I guess. Architect: - That’s exactly the point. And the first floor plan shows the open roof terrace and a bedroom. Client: - As far as I am able to judge, there is a bedroom on the ground floor too. Architect: - The ground floor bedroom will be used in winter, and the first floor one in summer. Client: - What is this room placed in front of the winter bedroom? Architect: - I would say it is on the left as the plan is viewed from the front … That’s the kitchen. ________________________________________________
Analyzing a Project The architect said the scale is 1 : 200, so the total height of the house is 8 metres, I like it. The first storey is higher than the second… that’s all right, I will not spend much time upstairs… though the terrace will be good for air-breathing in the evenings… and for exercises in the morning… and it’s open, great! The summer bedroom is smaller than the winter one… oh, I can use the terrace like a second bedroom. The winter bedroom is quite big… er… 9 square metres… and cubic in form, fine. The kitchen is small. When I want to have a party, I will not have space enough. I certainly want a bigger kitchen … as big as the courtyard. The toilet is far from the residential rooms, I believe. It should be placed nearer, as near as water. And I would not like it to be so narrow as a slit, its width should be 2 metres. ________________________________________________
Analyze the Ferris Wheel Project / The Concrete Mixing Plant Project as if:
Answer the complaints. Use the clichés “Complaining”. CONTROL 2
Заключение Апробирование пособия прошло в первом и втором семестре 2007-08 учебного года. Результаты работы четырех групп третьего курса (С-31, С-32, СВ-31, СЦ-31) доказывают, что в ходе учебных занятий с применением данного пособия формирование профессионально-ориентированных речевых умений происходит в необходимом темпе и с нужной степенью уверенности во владении языковым материалом. Подготовка итогового монологического высказывания по разделу «Архитектурная часть проекта» выполняется студентами без затруднений, в быстром темпе, грамотно, с применением всех необходимых языковых средств. С такой же уверенностью студенты готовят критику проекта и ответ на критику (защиту проекта). Это подтверждают и оценки, полученные студентами на зачетных занятиях:
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