Учебно-методический комплекс для студентов специальности 080107 «Налоги и налогообложение»
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PRESENT INDEFINITE and PRESENT CONTINUOUS I.Open the brackets using Present Indefinite or Present Continuous: 1. He often (go) to the cinema. 2. They (watch) TV at the moment. 3. John (be) outside. He (wash) the car. 4. Nina usually (drive) to the office. 5. Father (sleep) on the sofa now. 6. Claire (not/like) apples. 7. My friend (live) in London. 8. In summer we usually (go) to the seaside. 9. My mother (cook) very well. 10. Look at Tom. He (ride) a horse. 11. What you (cook) at the moment? 12. Look! It (rain). 13. They always (quarrel). II.Fill in the gaps with don’t, doesn’t, isn’t, aren’t, am not:
III.Choose the proper form of the verb:
IV.Change the following sentences according to the pattern: He usually has breakfast at seven, but today he is having breakfast at eight.
V. Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets:
PAST INDEFINITE and PAST CONTINUOUS I.Open the brackets using Past Indefinite or Past Continuous:
II.Fill in the gaps with did, was, were.
III.Choose the proper form of the verb: 1.I (met/was meeting) a friend while I (did/was doing) shopping. 2. I (paid/was paying) for my things when I (heard/was hearing) someone called my name. 3. I (drove/was driving) when I (saw/was seeing) Paula. 4. She (wore/was wearing) bright red coat that evening. 5. We (decided/were deciding) to have a cup of coffee.6. While we (had/were having) a drink, a waiter (dropped/was dropping) a plate. 7. We all (got/were getting) a terrible shock. 8. We (left/were leaving) the café and (said/were saying) goodbye. 9. When the ambulance (arrived/was arriving) the patient (slept/was sleeping) like a child. IV.Make the following sentences negative and interrogative:
V. Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets:
THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE I.Make the sentences negative and interrogative: 1. This time on Friday I shall be flying to London. 2. I shall be working at six o’clock tomorrow. 3. We shall be having a party. 4. I shall be waiting at the airport. 5. He will be having an English class tomorrow at 5. 6. She will be reading the whole evening tomorrow. 7. I shall be having a lecture tomorrow. 8. I shall be waiting for you. Come back. 9. Now he will be looking for a new job. 10. They will be having dinner tomorrow at 6. 11. It will be getting dark in an hour or so. 12. This time on Sunday I shall be waiting for his call. 13. He will be sitting in that empty room alone. II. Extend the statements using the Future Continuous of the words in brackets: Model: Don’t write to us in July. (to travel) We shall be travelling.
III. . Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets:
1. Завтра он весь день будет готовиться к экзаменам. 2. Не опаздывайте. Я буду ждать Вас в библиотеке в девять. 3. Не звоните мне завтра. Я весь день буду готовиться к экзамену. 4. Что Вы будете делать завтра в восемь? 5. Они будут работать весь июнь, а потом отдыхать. 6. Ты будешь сегодня вечером смотреть телевизор? 7. Завтра в восемь у нас лекция по истории. 8. Он приедет через три дня. 9. Послезавтра у моей сестры экзамен в музыкальной школе. 10. В пятницу я буду ждать его звонка в это же время. 11. Когда вы переезжаете в новую квартиру? 12. Я не уверена, что он последует твоему совету. SEQUENCE OF TENSES I.Употребите следующие предложения как придаточные дополнительные, в роли главных используя предложения, данные в скобках. 1. You will fall and break your leg. (I was afraid). 2. My friend has never been to Washington. (I knew). 3. She never drinks coffee. (I was told). 4. He is a very talented singer. (I was told). 5. They live a happy life. (We knew). 6. The children are playing in the yard. (She thought). 7. Her friend will come to see her. (She hoped). 8. Father has repaired his bicycle. (He thought). 9. She knows English very well. (I supposed). 10. Our sportsmen will win the game. (We were sure). 11. She doesn’t know German at all. (I found out). 12. She made no mistakes in her dictation. (She was glad). 13. He works at his English hard. (I knew). 14. She dances better than anybody else. (I was told). 15. My cousin has received a very interesting letter from his firm. (I learnt). 16. She will come to stay with us. (My aunt wrote in her letter). 17. He is painting a new picture. (We heard). 18. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure). II. Переведите на русский язык: 1. I hope you know what you are doing. 2. It is strange that he did not speak to you. 3. He said that if I followed his advice everything would be all right. 4. Mary was not sure whether she had shut all the windows. 5. Nick says that you are a wonderful dancer. 6. Never tell him that you are afraid of arguing with him: he can take advantage of your fear. 7. I told you that John would come back and my words proved right. 8. Tell me what you have been doing since we saw each other for the last time. 9. I never realized that my sister was so beautiful. 10. David said that he had asked permission to come and see me. 11. Mary said that she had not seen him for a couple of days. 12. You were warned that the delegation would arrive in May. III. Переделайте следующие предложения, употребив необходимую форму прошедшего времени: 1. It is clear that he is right. 2. They claim that they are trying to reach an agreement on all the issues. 3. He says that the lecture is very interesting. 4. They complain that he has been rude to them. 5. The witness insists that he hasn’t seen the man. 6. She says that she has been having strange dreams for a long time. 7. He insists that he is innocent. 8. Our correspondent reports that the rate of unemployed is rising. IV. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в соответствующем времени: 1. The author of the article wrote that until the 1970s the Americans (to supply) themselves with energy from their own sources. 2. The guide informed us that there (to be) no permanent residents on the island until the 20th century. 3. Already in the 50s there was some evidence that new discoveries in this field (to be made). 4. The scientist insisted that sleep (to be) just a waste of time. 5. He discovered his abilities as a hypnotist when he (to be) a schoolboy. 6. The man explained that he (not to speak) English. 7. The secretary told us that we (not to meet) until the following Monday. 8. I was afraid that we (to be) late. V. Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен: 1. Я боялся, что заблужусь (to lose one’s way) в лесу. 2. Она знала, что мы никогда не видели ее картины. 3. Ученый был уверен, что найдет решение проблемы. 4. Я полагал, что ты навестишь меня. 5. Мы не думали, что он так рассердится (to get angry). 6. Мы вчера узнали, что она больна. 7. Он думал, что она не придет в школу. 8. Мне сказали, что ты мне звонил. 9. Я думал, что ты в Москве. 10. Она сказала, что ее подруга пригласила ее в театр. 11. Она сказала, что не будет купаться, потому что вода холодная. 12. Он боялся, что ему будет трудно сделать доклад. 13. Мы надеялись, что она скоро придет. 14. Он сказал, что не знает, когда начнется конференция. COMPLEX OBJECT Transform the sentences according to the models using Complex Object: Model I: ”Bring me the book, ”said my brother to me. – My brother wanted me to bring him the book. 1. The teacher said to the pupils: ”Learn the rule.” 2.”Be careful, or else you spill the milk,” said my mother to me. 3.”My daughter will go to a ballet school,” said the woman. 4. The man said: ”My son will study maths.” 5. “Oh, father, buy me this toy, please,” said the little boy. 6. “Wait for me after school,” said Ann to me. 7. “Fix the shelf in the kitchen,” my father said to me. 8. “It will be very good if you study English,” said my mother to me. 9. “Bring me some water, please,” said our grandmother. 10. “Come to my birthday party,” said Kate to her classmates. 11. “Don’t eat ice-cream before dinner,” said our mother to us. Model II: I expect that she will send me a letter. – I expect her to send me a letter. I know that he is a great scientist. – I know him to be a great scientist. 1. I know that my friend is a just man. 2. I expect that he will understand your problem and help you to solve it. 3. I expected that she would behave quite differently. 4. I didn’t expect that my brother would forget to send her flowers. 5. He knows that my mother is a very kind woman. 6. She expected that her brother would bring her the book. 7. I know that your uncle is an excellent mathematician. 8. People expect that the 21st century will bring peace on the Earth. Model III: He was reading in the garden. She saw him. – She saw him reading in the garden. 1. We noticed a man. The man was cleaning his shoes. 2. He saw two girls. They were dancing on the stage. 3. She watched the children. They were running and playing in the garden. 4. I saw her. She was arranging her hair. 5. We saw our neighbour. He was listening to the latest news on the radio. 6. The cat was rubbing itself on my leg. I felt it. 7. They were fishing. We saw it. 8. The pupils were writing a paper. The teacher watched them. 9. A caterpillar was crawling on my arm. I felt it. 10. I watched the sun. It was rising. 11. I heard him. He was singing an English song. 12. John heard his sister. She was speaking loudly on the phone. 13. We saw Ben. He was crossing the street. 14. They heard their mother. She was playing the piano in the living-room. 15. I can see the train. It is coming. 16. I watched he rain. It was beating down the flowers in the garden. 17. I saw a group of boys. They were discussing something. 18. We noticed a group of people. They were digging potatoes. 19. Didn’t you see her? She is smiling to us. 20. The girl was singing. I heard her. 21. They were talking about computers. We heard them. 22. You and your friend were walking along the street. I saw you. 23. The little girls were playing on the grass. I watched them. 24. The ship was leaving the port. I watched it. 25. She was sleeping peacefully in her bed. Her mother watched her. Translate the sentences into Russian using Complex Object: 1. Она знала, что он очень добрый человек. 2. Все знали, что она прогрессивный ученый. 3. Я знаю, что твоя сестра – очень способная студентка. 4. Все знают, что Байрон – великий поэт. 5. Я не ожидал, что это случится так скоро. 6. Мы рассчитываем, что вы нам поможете. 7. Он ожидал, что министр ответит сразу. 8. Мы рассчитывали, что погода изменится. 9. Я рассчитываю, что письмо придет завтра. 10. Он полагал, что учитель похвалит его. 11. Она не рассчитывала, что они вернутся так поздно. 12. Я знаю, что она талантливая певица. 13. Мы не рассчитывали, что вы так много сделаете. 14. Учитель рассчитывал, что ученики поймут правило. 15. Я не ожидал, что он напишет такие прекрасные стихи. 16. Я ненавижу, когда ты забываешь свои обязанности. 17. Бабушка любит, когда Лена играет на рояле. 18. Я люблю, когда дети смеются. 19. Она не любит, когда я с ней спорю. 20. Мама волнуется, когда мы приходим поздно. 21. Он не любит, когда я опаздываю. 22. Наш учитель любит, когда мы задаем вопросы. 23. Я слышал, как он открывает дверь. 24. Мы увидели, как она переплывает реку. 25. Я не заметила, как он положил письмо на стол. 26. Мы наблюдали, как он подошел к окну, остановился, открыл журнал и стал читать.27. Мы видели, как она выходила из дома. LETTER WRITING 1) These two letters are all mixed up. Put the sentences in the right order. Each letter has three separate main parts.
2) Letter practice You work in the computer section of StorFinans bank, Nygatan 47, Stockholm, Sweden. Recently, you met Gerard van Ek when you were on a training course. He gave a talk about his ideas on computer security. You will see him again at a computer exhibition in London next June. Some time ago you ordered a large quantity of computer paper from his company. The paper arrived yesterday but it was the wrong colour: you ordered white and they sent green. Write to Gerard van Ek and complain. His address is: Computer Suppliers, 84 Ave Franklin Roosevelt, 1067 Brussels, Belgium. 3) Look at the following sentences and group together those which have a similar meaning. You should have four groups. Then put the sentences in each group in order according to how formal they are, with the most formal first. a) If you need any more information, please feel free to ask me. b) I am in receipt of your letter dated 16th March. c) When do you think the goods will get here? d) I am writing in connection with your advertisement in The News. e) I have just seen your advert in The News. f) Thanks for your letter of 16th March. g) Please could you tell me when the goods will arrive? h) If you'd like any more details, please ask me. i) I would appreciate it if you could tell me when the goods will arrive. j) Thank you for your letter dated 16th March. k) If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. 1) I am writing with reference to your advertisement in The News. 4) Read these sentences, and match the words in italics with the words in the box. a) I am writing to enquire about your prices. b) This is due to the fact that our costs have risen. c) If you require any further information, please contact me. d) I regret to advise you that the delivery will be delayed. e) Unfortunately, I have to inform you that I will not be able to attend the meeting. f) I am sending the brochures under separate cover. g) Please find enclosed some brochures describing our products. h) We have been forced to increase our prices. i) We have opened a letter of credit in your favour.
5) Now rewrite these sentences so that they sound less formal. a) I have pleasure in enclosing a cheque in your favour. b) I am pleased to inform you that your application for a post as secretary was successful. c) Due to the fact that postal charges are so high, I am sending the brochures under separate cover. d) I regret to advise you that we will not be able to deliver the goods on time. e) I would be grateful if you could advise me of your prices. f) Please find enclosed our invoice. 6) Here is a formal business letter. Rewrite it so that it sounds more friendly and informal. Cornfield Pesticides Co Ltd 59, THE HILL, BURTON. SUSSEX BN5 9TJ TEL 0947 2663 YOUR REF. OUR REF. GW/pk 22 Jan 10 Mr Richard Scott Welsh Garden Suppliers 56 West Road Cardiff CF4 2FT Dear Mr Scott I am writing in connection with your letter of 16 January, in which you enquired about our KILL 'EM fly spray. Unfortunately, we have stopped producing this fly spray due to the fact that sales were rather disappointing. However, we are able to supply you with a maximum of 20 boxes from our stocks. If you would like to order these, please could you inform us as soon as possible. I look forward to your reply. Yours sincerely George Wollen Sales Representative 7) Letter practice Last week, you met a business friend who you had not seen for years. You talked for a long time about a new bakery that he has started. Your friend invited you to the opening of his bakery next month. Unfortunately, you have just discovered that you have an important meeting on that day. You will telephone him after the opening and arrange a visit. Write and tell him this. 8) Representatives from both Wesco (Mr Tony Smith) and Alpha (Mr Franqois Molet) made separate visits to Jarritos. Mr Sanchez showed them round the factory and introduced them to Jose Barrios, Deputy Manager. Later they had dinner at his home. The representatives told him that they would send him a quotation soon. Jarritos is now waiting for letters from both Wesco and Alpha. In three groups, you must write the correspondence between these companies. If you are Jarritos, see card 1. If you are Alpha, see card 2. If you are Wesco, see card 22. 1. You are Mr Raul Sanchez, Manager, Jarritos SA. Send telexes to both Alpha (89722 AFM) and Wesco (88950 WEE). Ask them: — when they can begin the repairs / install the new system - how long the work will take — to reply as soon as possible. Keep sending telexes until they reply. When you have received letters from both companies, ask for a new role card number. 2. You are Francois Molet, Export Sales Dept, Alpha Food Machines. You have just received this memo from the Technical Department. MEMORANDUM To Export Dept From Technical Dept Date 6 Jun 10 Subject Jarritos - cost of installing Alpha Rapid Bottler in above-mentioned factory: US$70,000 - includes one year guarantee covering parts and labour - payment can be made over two years Write to Mr Sanchez and tell him this. Letter plan — mention the dinner you had with him and the visit to his factory — give the quotation — tell him about the guarantee and payment — mention Jose Barrios 3. You are Tony Smith, Export Sales Department, Wesco. You have just received this memo from the Technical Department. MEMORANDUM
Write to Mr Sanchez and tell him this. Letter plan — mention the dinner you had with him and the visit to his factory — give the quotation — say why the price is high — make the point about the age of the machine — tell him the price of a new machine — mention Jose Barrios 8) Paolo Fellini and Luigi Lombardo, from Massari Tractors Ltd, recently visited their agent in India, Sujit Singh of Agricultural Supplies Ltd. They talked briefly about the low sales of Massari tractors. Mr Singh said he would put his ideas on paper. Here is the letter he sent Paolo Fellini. a) Why does Mr Singh think a drop in price of 8% is enough to increase sales? b) Why does he want Massari Tractors to pay for advertising? Agricultural Supplies 76 Sant Nagar New Delhi Telephone 789653 Telex 314420 AS Mr P Fellini Massari Tractors Ltd Your ref: Viale Romagna 23 Our ref: SS/ru 20247 Milano 26 January 1987 Italy Dear Mr Fellini It was good to meet you when you came here last month. I hope that you had a safe journey back to Italy. I am sorry that I have not written before now but I have been rather ill and I have only just returned to the office. I have now had a chance to think about the problem of low sales of Massari tractors. I feel that the biggest problem is price. At present, most of the business in India goes to Japanese manufacturers, who not only produce a high quality product, but who are much cheaper than Massari. However, Massari has a very good name and I am sure that a drop in price of 8% would be enough to attract many new sales. Would Massari be prepared to lower its prices by this much? A second problem is publicity. Many landowners and farmers here do not know about the new Massari tractors. Our competitors often put large advertisements in' agricultural magazines. Unfortunately, our low sales mean that we are unable to pay for any publicity. If Massari could pay for advertising, we would be prepared to arrange it. These are some of our ideas. I look forward to hearing your comments. Please give my regards to Luigi Lombardo. Yours sincerely Sujit Singh c) How does Mr Singh ask if Massari can lower their prices? What would he write if he wanted them to do the following? i) give a greater discount ii) increase the length of the guarantee iii) give a free gift with every tractor d) How does he say he can arrange the advertising? What would he write if he wanted to say that he could do the following? i) pay half the cost of the advertising ii) visit customers personally iii) give free maintenance for one year 9) Sujit Singh is now waiting for a reply from Massari Tractors. In three groups you must write the correspondence between Massari Tractors, Agricultural Supplies Ltd and India Trade Fairs-Ltd. If you are Massari Tractors, see card 1. If you are Agricultural Supplies Ltd, see card 2. If you are India Trade Fairs Ltd, see card 3. 1. You are Paolo Fellini. Reply to Sujit Singh. — thank him for his letter and say something about his illness — you cannot reduce your prices any more, as you already give 26% discount - your sales agreement with Agricultural Supplies Ltd says they will pay for all advertising in the New Delhi area - however, you can pay part of the cost of a stand at the forthcoming Agricultural Equipment Fair if they think it is a good idea 2. You are Sujit Singh, from Agricultural Supplies Ltd. Reply to the circular letter from India Trade Fairs Ltd. — ask them to reserve 30 square metres — tell them that your supplier, Massari Tractors, will probably come
3. You work at India Trade Fairs Ltd. Write a follow-up letter to Massari Tractors, reminding them about the fair. Look at the circular for some ideas. — say what you are writing about — give some details of the fair — tell them there is still some space available (over 150 companies have already booked) — tell them the prices Грамматические тесты Тест. Sequence of Tenses Выберите правильный вариант ответа
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