Культурологи. Курс «Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации»
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| Культурологи. Курс «Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации». Контроль текущей работы студентов осуществляется на каждом занятии. Зачетные занятия проводятся в виде деловых или ролевых игр, англоязычных конференций (“Nobel Prize Winners”, “Challengers of the XXI Century” etc,) «case study», видеоклассов. Проводится текущий контроль в виде заданий на пройденный лексический и грамматический материал (текст множественного выбора или восстановления, письменный перевод текста/отрывка с русского языка на английский, творческое задание). Студенты дважды в семестр отчитываются по внеаудиторному чтению (30 тыс. знаков в пятом семестре и 30-35 тыс. знаков во всех остальных). Итоговый контроль в форме зачета предполагает выполнение следующих заданий: 1. Принять участие в беседе с преподавателем на профессиональную или научную тему на иностранном языке. Время подготовки – 45 минут. 2. Написать деловое письмо, аннотацию или реферат специальной статьи на иностранном языке (объемом 1000 печ. знаков), выразив в нем указанное коммуникативное намерение. Образец итогового лексико-грамматического контрольного задания: ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Заполните пропуск No words can describe it: this masterpiece must… .
ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Заполните пропуск I am glad to say that the manager didn’t keep us … 1.to wait 3. to waiting 2.waiting 4. having waited ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Заполните пропуск He … to have been a painter in his youth. 1. is likely 3. likely 2. to like 4. likes ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Заполните пропуск You can see him … in his gallery every day. 1. work 3. works 2. to work 4. working ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Заполните пропуск Near the Kremlin, upon Red Square, there is …well-known Historical Museum 1 - 3. a 2. the 4. one ЗАДАНИЕ 6. Заполните пропуск He asked when we …the exhibition 1. would visit 2. are to visit 3. will visit 4. would be visited ЗАДАНИЕ 7. Заполните пропуск That gifted student of art ruined himself by card-playing, … he? 1. had 2. hadn’t 3. did 4. didn’t ЗАДАНИЕ 8. Заполните пропуск You need not have waited … me. 1. about 3. – 2. for 4. with ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Заполните пропуск I can find the way … the museum … myself. 1. to 3. at 2. - 4. along ЗАДАНИЕ 10. Заполните пропуск … is a particular system of art, thoughts, customs of a society.
ЗАДАНИЕ 11. Заполните пропуск The more we view and compare, …we shall enjoy exhibits. 1.most 3.much 2.most of all 4. the more ЗАДАНИЕ 12. Заполните пропуск. The Tate Gallery is situated in … . 1. Birmingham 3. London 2. Rome 4. Paris ЗАДАНИЕ 13. Заполните пропуск It was … who being President freed the slaves. 1. John Kennedy 3.Winston Churchill 2. Abraham Lincoln 4. George Bush ЗАДАНИЕ 14. Заполните пропуск The founder of the Pushkin Fine Arts Museum and its first Director (1911-1918) was …. 1. I. Tsvetaev 3. D.Mendeleev 2. S.Mamontov 4. Madam Tussaud ЗАДАНИЕ 15. Заполните пропуск Add a couple of strokes and the picture shall be the focus of the … 1. exhibition 3. show 2. composition 4. Gallery ЗАДАНИЕ 16. Укажите правильный вариант перевода предложений: It was he who met with a great success at the exhibition. 1.На этой выставке он получил признание. 2.Там, на выставке, он имел большой успех. 3. Именно там он получил признание и имел успех. 4. Именно он имел большой успех на выставке. ЗАДАНИЕ 17. Укажите правильный вариант перевода предложений: One may develop one’s taste. 1. Тебе необходимо развивать свой вкус. 2.Следует работать над совершенствованием собственного вкуса. 3. Вкус возможно совершенствовать. 4. Совершенствование вкуса возможно. ЗАДАНИЕ 18. Прочитайте текст 1. The Hermitage was established by Catherine II as her personal museum. She began to collect paintings in 1762 after she had been crowned. The museum was intended to raise the prestige of the Russian court. In a very short period of time her gallery became famous. First it was placed in one separate room (”Hermitage” means “place for resting”). As the collection grew several buildings were constructed not far from the Winter Palace. After the death of Catherine II, by the middle of the 19th century the Hermitage had become so important for the Russian culture that it was decided to turn it into the public museum. 2. Today the Hermitage is one of the largest and best museums in the world with its more than 2.7 million works of art of various nations and periods of history, from ancient times to the present day. 3. The Hermitage houses monuments of Oriental cultures, works of art from India, China, Japan. 120 halls are devoted to West European arts. There are works by great masters of the Renaissance period. The Hermitage collection of French works of art is the largest outside France. Of great artistic value are the architecture and interior design. It is impossible to mention all the treasures of the Hermitage – paintings, statues, drawings, coins, medals and works of applied art. 4. The Hermitage is constantly growing and purchasing new exhibits. Now it has more than 400 halls. If somebody wants to look for a minute at each exhibit it will take him 12 years to see everything. Определите, является ли утверждение: Catherine II purchased not only separate pictures but the whole collections including some of the best in Europe. 1. Истинным 2. Ложным 3. В тексте нет информации ЗАДАНИЕ 19. Прочитайте текст 1. The Hermitage was established by Catherine II as her personal museum. She began to collect paintings in 1762 after she had been crowned. The museum was intended to raise the prestige of the Russian court. In a very short period of time her gallery became famous. First it was placed in one separate room (”Hermitage” means “place for resting”). As the collection grew several buildings were constructed not far from the Winter Palace. After the death of Catherine II, by the middle of the 19th century the Hermitage had become so important for the Russian culture that it was decided to turn it into the public museum. 2. Today the Hermitage is one of the largest and best museums in the world with its more than 2.7 million works of art of various nations and periods of history, from ancient times to the present day.
4. The Hermitage is constantly growing and purchasing new exhibits. Now it has more than 400 halls. If somebody wants to look for a minute at each exhibit it will take him 12 years to see everything. Определите, является ли утверждение: The Little Hermitage was built by the architect Vallin de la Mothe. 1. Истинным 2. Ложным 3. В тексте нет информации ЗАДАНИЕ 20. Прочитайте текст. 1. The Hermitage was established by Catherine II as her personal museum. She began to collect paintings in 1762 after she had been crowned. The museum was intended to raise the prestige of the Russian court. In a very short period of time her gallery became famous. First it was placed in one separate room (”Hermitage” means “place for resting”). As the collection grew several buildings were constructed not far from the Winter Palace. After the death of Catherine II, by the middle of the 19th century the Hermitage had become so important for the Russian culture that it was decided to turn it into the public museum. 2. Today the Hermitage is one of the largest and best museums in the world with its more than 2.7 million works of art of various nations and periods of history, from ancient times to the present day. 3. The Hermitage houses monuments of Oriental cultures, works of art from India, China, Japan. 120 halls are devoted to West European arts. There are works by great masters of the Renaissance period. The Hermitage collection of French works of art is the largest outside France. Of great artistic value are the architecture and interior design. It is impossible to mention all the treasures of the Hermitage – paintings, statues, drawings, coins, medals and works of applied art. 4. The Hermitage is constantly growing and purchasing new exhibits. Now it has more than 400 halls. If somebody wants to look for a minute at each exhibit it will take him 12 years to see everything. Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4) содержит следующую информацию: The French collection from Poussin to Fragonard is hard to beat. 1.2 2.1 3.4 4.3 ЗАДАНИЕ 21. Прочитайте текст. . 1. The Hermitage was established by Catherine II as her personal museum. She began to collect paintings in 1762 after she had been crowned. The museum was intended to raise the prestige of the Russian court. In a very short period of time her gallery became famous. First it was placed in one separate room (”Hermitage” means “place for resting”). As the collection grew several buildings were constructed not far from the Winter Palace. After the death of Catherine II, by the middle of the 19th century the Hermitage had become so important for the Russian culture that it was decided to turn it into the public museum. 2. Today the Hermitage is one of the largest and best museums in the world with its more than 2.7 million works of art of various nations and periods of history, from ancient times to the present day. 3. The Hermitage houses monuments of Oriental cultures, works of art from India, China, Japan. 120 halls are devoted to West European arts. There are works by great masters of the Renaissance period. The Hermitage collection of French works of art is the largest outside France. Of great artistic value are the architecture and interior design. It is impossible to mention all the treasures of the Hermitage – paintings, statues, drawings, coins, medals and works of applied art. 4. The Hermitage is constantly growing and purchasing new exhibits. Now it has more than 400 halls. If somebody wants to look for a minute at each exhibit it will take him 12 years to see everything. Определите наиболее подходящий вариант названия текста:
ЗАДАНИЕ 22. Расставьте предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный и логичный рассказа о Государственной Третьяковской галерее
ЗАДАНИЕ 23. Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения - Hallo, Bill, have you got any plans for this evening? What about having a meal with me? - … 1. - No, really, no. 2. - Oh, well, I’m not sure I can manage that. 3. - Oh, that sounds very nice, thanks. 4. - I’ll call for you about 8, then. ЗАДАНИЕ 24. Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения - There is nothing like landscapes to me. 1. You like romanticism, don’t you? 2. Really? 3. The colours create a mood. 4. My god, the scetch’s perfectly great! ЗАДАНИЕ 25. Определите правильную стандартную последовательность разделов резюме. 1.References 2.Education 3.Professional experience 4.Personal details ЗАДАНИЕ 26. Расположите части официального поздравительного письма в правильном порядке. 1. Dear Professor Smith! 2. Please convey my best wishes to your colleagues. 3. Sincerely yours, 4. I hope that the future will bring you everything that you could wish. 5.Dr. Ivanov. 6. On behalf of my colleagues and myself I send you and your family my best wishes for a Merry Christmas. ЗАДАНИЕ 27 Расположите адрес получателя в правильном порядке 1.Blackwell B 2.M.Smith, President 3.Durham, NC 4.98 Diego dr. 5.27713 Образец зачетных текстов с заданиями творческого характера: Task I. Read the text without using a dictionary. ART FAIRS AS ECONOMIC MOTORS Art fairs are a good use of time for collectors who value having a large selection of art in one place and also provide the means for me to compare availability, quality and value on the secondary market. Lest we forget, such fairs also have tremendous social draw - one takes for granted under the harsh fair lighting that whilst walking up one aisle you have already kissed or waved at dozens of collectors, dealers and curators from at least as many different countries. The volume of transactions that exemplifies the success of major fairs is made clear by TEFAF in Maastricht where art and antique dealers can expect to transact in excess of 0.5 billion Euros in 10 days as well as after-fair sales. As the success of art fairs and their satellites continue to grow from year to year, I encourage all collectors to make their way to at least one new international fair in 2008 … and to wear comfortable shoes." Viola Raikhel is Director of International Art Advisory, 1858 Ltd., a London-based consultancy. "Art fairs have become one of the most important contributions to the increasing growth of the global contemporary art market. With fairs being set up in Shanghai, Dubai, Moscow, Istanbul and many other places where local audiences have had few opportunities to buy both local and international contemporary art, fairs have clearly contributed to raising awareness and interest that in the past was left to museums and public institutions. This trend has also led to a shift in the power structure of the art world. Art fairs have gone from being simple commercial market places for transacting art to become tastemakers in their own right. International super-art fairs such as Art Basel (and its sister fair in Miami), Frieze Art Fair in London and the Armory Show in New York have become annual art world hubs - where you are likely to find international museum curators and directors rubbing shoulders with buyers and collectors. There is, however, a darker side to the art fairs, particularly among the above-mentioned super-fairs. Due to the over-subscription and increasing competition among galleries to secure a presence in the premier league, there will naturally be victims. As the fairs have become more than just a market place, a refusal, could mean the gallery is no longer considered an 'A' list candidate, an outcome which could have serious long-term consequences for the reputation and the future development of the gallery and its artists." Anders Petterson is the Founder and Managing Director of Art Tactic, a London-based art market research and art advisory company. Prior to setting up Art Tactic, Anders worked for JP Morgan in their investment banking division. "In the last ten years art fairs have become increasingly important sources of income for galleries. Art fairs have become like one-stop shops or supermarkets where the collector browses the shelves and chooses what to put in the basket, often informed by what is happening in the booming auctions. Whereas in the past collectors would follow an artist through their exhibitions and assess their interest over time, now many simply buy on reputation at a fair without having seen an exhibition. On the one hand this has democratised art collecting, on the other it has devalued the concept of collecting. The rapid appearance of works of art at auction may be the result since true judgement may only really be made over a period of time. The proliferation of art fairs also places enormous pressure on the artists to step up production. If an artist is represented by three galleries and each wants a piece economic motors.for the three or four art fairs they attend each year, as well as one or two exhibitions, the artist can get onto a production treadmill. This may mean that they have little time to reflect and develop new thinking. So while the spread of art fairs allows galleries to promote their artists more widely, they also do so more thinly." Jerem Lewison is former Director of Collections at Tate Gallery and provides advice to foundations, museums, collectors, artists and artists' estates from his offices in London Task II. Prove using the information of the text that art fairs are really economic motors. Text II. Read the text. Be ready to render it. КАК ПРОДАВАТЬ ИСКУССТВО Марат Гельман Что такое арт-рынок . Современное искусство в определенном смысле является инвестиционным инструментом. Бизнес на искусстве очень похож на операции с ценными бумагами: художник - эмитент, выставка - эмиссия, произведение искусства - пакет акций. Речь идет не о механической операции «купил-продал», это сложное инвестирование. На рынке искусства есть свои «голубые фишки» - всемирно известные художники, вкладывать деньги в которых абсолютно безопасно, есть «темные лошадки», на которых можно крупно выиграть или крупно проиграть. Иногда вложения в современное искусство оказываются фантастически выгодными: из десятка тысяч художников в историю искусства попадут немногие, и если угадать кто, то выигрыш может быть тысячекратным. Но такая удача - редкий случай. В среднем прибыль не больше, но и не меньше банковских процентов. В России актуальное искусство появилось в конце 1980-х, однако в нашей стране оно, хотя и ориентировалось на западный рынок, никогда не было отстроено как сектор экономики, не имело инфраструктуры. Наш художественный рынок не достиг среднего европейского и, тем более, американского уровня развития (кстати, 70% мирового рынка произведений искусства сосредоточено в Нью-Йорке). И поэтому у нас он является объектом спекуляций: то превозносится его якобы фантастическая ликвидность, то, наоборот, раздаются высказывания о бесперспективности построения арт-рынка в России. Истина, как обычно, находится посередине. С одной стороны, рынок современного искусства в России лишен истории (с 1930-х годов мы были исключены из мирового контекста развития искусства) и раним. Как и всякий рынок продукции не первой необходимости, он зависит от общего состояния экономики страны; в периоды потрясений художественный рынок страдает первым. С другой стороны, перспективы рынка актуального искусства в России теоретически можно считать головокружительными. На Западе традиция коллекционирования никогда не прерывалась и произведения современных художников должны выдержать жесткий отбор, чтобы оказаться в одной коллекции со старыми мастерами. В России же класс коллекционеров родился недавно, и - теоретически - пространство для произведений современного искусства в частных коллекциях свободно. Будущее арт-рынка Рынок искусства - это огромная пирамида, заложенная много веков тому назад, и в основе ее- культурный фетишизм. Но в последние годы это сооружение стало во всем мире стремительно разрушаться. До недавнего времени арт-рынок держался на убеждении, что оригинал стоит дорого, а копия не стоит ничего. И это понятно: в те времена, когда рынок произведений искусства формировался, копии действительно были плохими. А сейчас? Если от Пушкина остались рукописи, подлинники, то у Пелевина или Сорокина рукописей нет, все на компьютере. Их читатели все равно никогда не придут на аукцион покупать рукописи - они иначе устроены, им главное прочесть, а не иметь. Мир культурного фетишизма, где оригиналы стоят денег, остается в прошлом. Исчезает понятие подлинника или копии, делаются принципиально тиражируемые вещи. Ценится имидж, а не тело. А вся старая культура построена на том, что самое главное - тело, оригинал. Рынок видоизменяется именно за счет того, что дигитальная эра отменяет разницу между копией и оригиналом. Дело даже не в том, что художники стали работать в цифровом формате, а в том, что потребитель переключился на дигитальность. А здесь оппозиция «копия – оригинал» несущественна: важно, чтобы искажений не было. Новый потребитель совершенно неактивен как покупатель. Поэтому я думаю, что арт-рынок останется, но его роль будет незначительной.
a) What is your idea of the art market? b) Can art selling bring benefits? c) Art market has a perfect future in Russia. Or does it? Экзамен в соответствии с Программой проводится в конце 4 семестра и предусматривает следующие виды заданий: БИЛЕТ
TEXTS FOR THE EXAM. 1. Task 1. Read and translate the text with the dictionary. Be ready to discuss its main ideas with the teacher. Alfred Nobel – a man of Contrasts Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with the love of literature, an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made a fortune but loved a simple life, and although cheerful in company he was often sad in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He invented a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining a road building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow man. During his useful life he often felt he was useless: “Alfred Nobel,” he once wrote of himself, “ought to have been put to death by a kind doctor as soon as , with a cry, he entered life.” World-famous for his works he was never personally well known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity. “I do not see,” he once said, “that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it,” but since his death his name has brought fame and glory to others. He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833 but moved to Russia with his parents in 18 42, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented the landmine and a lot of money from government orders for it during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rejoined them in 1863, beginning his own study of explosive in his father’s laboratory. He has never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was a skilful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French, and English. Like his father Alfred Nobel was imaginative and inventive, but he had better luck in business and showed more financial sense. He was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward-looking industrialist. But Nobel’s main concern was never with making money or even making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was searching for a meaning of life, and from his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. Perhaps because he could not find ordinary humane love – he never married – he came to care deeply about the whole of mankind. He was always generous to the poor : “I`d rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials,” he once said. His greatest wish, however, was to see an and to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Philology, Medicine, Literature and Peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideals. And so, the man who felt he should have died at birth is remembered and respected long after his death. Text 2. Read the text without the dictionary and render it in English. Shakespeare’s sonnets Besides plays, Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. His sonnets, like his plays, are full of human emotions. Speaking of his sonnets one of the English critics said that “of all modern and ancient poets, Shakespeare had the largest and most comprehensive soul”. Many of the sonnets were written to a woman with dark hair and eyes. She, “The Dark Lady of the Sonnets”, as she is called, is a mystery. But if she was a real person, Shakespeare certainly loved her, though she sometimes made him suffer. All Shakespeare’s sonnets were translated into Russian by S. Marshak, the well-know Soviet poet. S. Marshak was not the first who translated the sonnets into Russian. Before the Revolution there were two full translations of Shakespeare’s sonnets. But the sonnets were not very popular. Marshak gave them new life and a place in Russian poetry. “Each of the sonnets”, said Marshak, “is like a piece of music, each sonnet is important not only from the point of view of meaning but from that of melody. In my translations I have tried to preserve both aspect writing sometimes ten and even more versions of each sonnets until I was satisfied with the results. I decided to translate the sonnets because I feel that an understanding of the sonnets is very important for an understanding of Shakespeare the playwright. “The sonnets are not museums pieces – they still, after all these centuries, express human emotions which are as fresh as ever”. Words: ancient – древний comprehensive – всеохватывающий soul - душа to preserve – сохранять mystery – тайна playwright – драматург to suffer – страдать museum piece – музейный экспонат Task 3. Speak on the topic “My future career” Список разговорных тем, выносимых на экзамен по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (по окончанию 4 семестра):
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