Lesson 6 Infinitive constructions
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| Lesson 6 Infinitive constructions There are still many mistakes when it concerns using Complex Object: I want you to do smth – here you can’t use “I want that you do” – it’ wrong I would like you to do smth –Я хочу (ожидаю), чтобы ты что-то сделал I expect you to do smth Don’t forget about other verbs that demand Complex Object: ask, tell, force, order, remind, warn, persuade, invite, encourage, teach, enable; make, let + object + inf. without to. Subjective Construction (subject + to Infinitive): The verbs seem, appear, tend, pretend, claim, happen are used in the Active Voice. Pay attention to the translation into Russian as different kinds of Infinitive are use here (Simple/Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous) They seem to have plenty of money. Кажется, у них много денег. You appear to have lost weight. Кажется, ты похудел. David tends to forget things. Дэвид склонен все забывать. My Spanish seems to be getting better. Кажется, мой испанский улучшается. They claim to have solved the problem. Они утверждают, что решили проблему. He claims to have been working for six hours without a break. Он утверждает, что работает шесть часов без перерыва. I pretended to be reading. Я притворился, что читаю. Don’t forget the negative form of the Infinitive: not to do, not to be, not to have done, not to be reading. But very often the negation is expressed by the verbs seem, appear, tend, pretend, claim, happen: They don’t seem to like each other. The engine doesn’t appear to have been damaged. The verbs say, think, report, suppose etc. are used in the Passive Voice: He is said to write stories. – Говорят, он пишет рассказы. He is supposed to have written a play. – Полагают, он написал пьесу. He is reported to be writing a novel. – Сообщают, что сейчас он пишет роман. He is thought to have been writing the novel for five years. – Думают, что он пишет этот роман в течение пяти лет. The strike is expected to end soon. – Ожидается, что забастовка скоро закончится. Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion. – Сообщают, что два человека были ранены при взрыве. Similarly, we use Infinitive without to after modal verbs must, could, might, can’t: (although these are not Infinitive constructions) The house is dark. They must have gone out. – Должно быть, они вышли. (Certainty) Where is my bag? – You could have left it in the shop. – Вероятно, ты оставила ее в магазине. (Probability) Or: You may/might have left it in the shop. –Возможно, ты оставила ее в магазине. (Possibility) Sue hasn’t contacted me. She can’t have got my message. – Должно быть, она не получила мое сообщение/ Не может быть, что она получила …. (Negative certainty) The for–to–Infinitive construction: It’s time for you to go to bed. These are the books for you to read. There’s no time left for us to think. Don’t mix this structure with :His It’s time you did something useful. It’s about time you got down to work. It’s high time you bought some new jeans. Task 6 I. Make a new sentence using the verb in brackets: 1. You’ve lost weight. You seem to have lost weight. 2. They don’t know a lot of people her. (seem) 3. That machine has broken down. (appear) 4. His Spanish is getting better. (seem) 5. My friend knows five languages. (claim) 6. They have left the car behind the house. (claim) I 7. Her eyes are red. She has been crying. (seem) 8. She was not reading. (pretend) 9. Tom has read a lot of books. (appear) 10. Kate forgets things. (tend) II. Write these sentences in another way, beginning as shown. Use the underlined word. 1. It is expected that the strike will end soon. The strike is expected to end soon. 2. It is expected that the weather will be good tomorrow. 3. It is believed that the thieves got in through the window in the roof. 4. It is reported that many people are homeless after the flood. 5. It is thought that the prisoner has escaped by climbing over a wall. 6. It is alleged that the man was driving at 110 miles per hour. 7. It is reported that the building has been badly damaged by the fire. 8. It is said that the company is loosing a lot of money. 9. |
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