Учебно-методический комплекс дисциплины Федеральное агентство по образованию Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
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| Тематика лабораторных занятий (36 часов) The classification of the simple sentence. The primary parts of speech. Subject and predicate. Agreement of the predicate with the subject. The secondary parts of the sentence The word order The compound sentence The complex sentence Вопросы, рассматриваемые на лабораторных занятиях Theme I: The classification of the simple sentence (4 hours).
Practical Exercises Ex. 1. Define the kinds of sentences according to the purpose of the utterance. Laura was terribly nervous. Tossing the velvet ribbon over her shoulder, she said to a woman standing by, «Is this Mrs. Scott’s house?» and the woman, smiling queerly, said, «It is, my lass.» Oh, to be away from this! She actually said, «Help me God!» as she walked up the tiny path and knocked. To be away from these staring eyes, or to be covered up in anything, one of those women’s shawls even! I’ll just leave the basket and go, she decided. I shan’t even wait for it to be emptied. Then the door opened. A little woman in black showed in the gloom. Laura said, «Are you Mrs. Scott?» But to her horror the woman answered, «Walk in, please, miss,» and she was shut in the passage. «No,» said Laura, «I don’t want to come in. I only want to leave this basket.» The little woman in the gloomy passage seemed not to hear her. «Step this way, please, miss,» she said in an oily voice, and Laura followed her. (Mansfield) Ex. 2. Point out two-member sentences (say whether they are complete or elliptical) and one-member sentences. 1. He stared amazed at the calmness of her answer. 2. We must go to meet the bus. Wouldn’t do it to miss it. 3. Obedient little trees, fulfilling their duty. 4. Lucretius knew very little about what was going on in the world. Lived like a mole in a burrow. Lived on his own fat like a bear in winter. 5. He wants to write a play for me. One act. One man. Decides to commit suicide. 6. A beautiful day, quite warm. 7. «What do you want?» «Bandages, stuff, for wounded.» 8. How did he look?» «Grey but otherwise much the’ same.» «And the daughter?» «Pretty.» 9. And then the silence and the beauty of this camp at night. The stars. The mystic shadow water. The wonder and the glory of all this. 10. «I’ll see nobody for half an hour, Macey,» said the boss. «Understand? Nobody at all.» 11. «Mother, a man’s been killed.» «Not in the garden?» interrupted her mother. 12. Garden at the Manor House. A flight of grey stone steps leads up to the house. The garden, an old-fashioned one, full of roses. Time of year, July. Basket chairs, and a table covered with books, are set under a large yew-tree. Ex. 3. Make up questions to which the words in bold type are answers. 1. In summer a lot of people leave town and go to the country. 2. There are twelve students in our group. 3. Harry came to see me yesterday. 4. His parents live in the Far East. 5. Children spent a lot of time out-of-doors. 6. I have just seen him. Ex. 4. Characterize the sentences from the point of view of the purpose of the utterance and the structure. PLANNING A HOLIDAY «I say, what are you and your sister going to do for your holiday this year?» «Well, I don’t know. I should like to take my sister for a tour to the Baltic Sea, but then she can’t very well leave her children. What are you doing?» «We shall go to the sea, I expect - for part of the time, anyhow. Then my wife and I may go off alone for a week or so in the car.» «Leaving the rest of the family behind, I suppose!» «Oh yes. They’ll be quite safe with their grandmother - and, besides, they’re ever so much happier playing about on the sands than spending long days in the car.» «Where do you go, as a rule?» «We’ve tried many seaside-places on the east and south coasts: on the whole, I think we prefer the south. However, it really doesn’t seem to matter very much, as long as the youngsters get a good sandy beach.» «What do you do? Take rooms, or stay at a hotel, or what?» «We’ve done both, and this year we are taking a furnished house. Why don’t you make up your mind to join us? Find a house near by, and make a large party. It’ll be great fun.» «For my own part, I should love it. I’ll take it over with my sister, and see what she thinks about it.» «Do, and let me know as soon as you can.» «Right. I will.» Ex. 5. Choose the most suitable words in each sentence. a) Let’s go to London next weekend, shall we/won’t we? b) You shouldn’t have told me, did you/should you? c) Jim hasn’t been waiting long, was he/has he? d) You won’t tell anyone about this, do you/will you? e) You’re not doing what I told you, do you/are you? f) Answer the phone for me, will you/do you? g) George can’t have noticed, can he/has he? h) You’ve got to leave now, don’t you/haven’t you? i) Pam and Tim got married last year, didn’t they/haven’t they? j) I don’t think John’s very friendly, does he/is he? Ex. 6. Decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space. You don’t happen to know how this computer works, (1) ..... ? (2) ..... had I bought it (3) ..... I regretted spending so much money! I haven’t got an instruction manual. (4) ..... did I completely fail to understand the instruction (5) ..... then I accidentally threw the manual away. Now I’ll never understand it (6) ..... , I said to myself. (7) ..... my weekend, I thought, but then I remembero you. You’ve done a course on computers, (8) ..... ? Let’s look at it together, (9) ..... , and try to understand it. You press this button first, (10) ..... ? Then (11) ..... this little light, and a message that says «Error». It shouldn’t do that, (12) ..... ? You can fix it, (13) ..... ? Don’t do that! This label says: «(14) ..... should an unqualified person remove this panel». Well, you are unqualified, (15) ..... ? What do you mean, do it yourself ..... .
Theme 2: The primary parts of speech. Subject and predicate (6 hours).
Practical Exercises Ex. 7. Point out the subject and say by what it is expressed. Translate into Russian. 1. At that moment the postman, looking like a German army officer, came in with the mail. 2. The clock struck eight. There was no sign of any of the other guests. 3. Now, there is something peculiarly intimate in sharing an umbrella. 4. Together we walked through the mud and slush. 5. Something impersonal and humble in that action seemed to reassure the Consul. 6. The sight of them, so intent and so quick, gave Bertha a curious shiver. 7. Eight o’clock in the morning. Miss Ada Moss lay in the black iron bedstead, staring up at the ceiling. 8. Still, the good of mankind was worth working for. 9. Sometime:; the past injects itself into the present with a peculiar force. 10. Forgetting some things is a difficult matter. 11. To cross from one end to the other was difficult because of the water. 12. «A person doesn’t have to be rich to be clean,» Charles said. 13. There was an eagerness and excitement in the faces o:?the men. 14. ... and Timothy’s was but one of hundreds of such homes in this City of London ... 15. Let’s get out quick. It’s no good wasting time. 16. «Very well», said Soams, «then we know where we are.» 17. Now, to go through a stormy night and with wet clothes, and, in addition, to be ill nourished and not to nave tasted meat for a week or a month, is about as severe a hardship as a man can undergo. 18. She did not know. The «No» was stronger than her craving to be in Frisco’s arms and forget this dreary existence. 19. The mining industry might make wealth and power for a few men and women. But the many would always be smashed and battered beneath its giant treads. 20. Yes, that did sound rather far-fetched and absurd. Ex. 8. State the nature of «it» Translate into Russian. 1. It was dusky in the dining-room and quite chilly. 2. The bell rang. It was lean, pale Eddie Warren in a state of acute distress. 3. Oh! Oh! Oh! It was a little house It was a little pink house. 4. But in her bosom there was still that brigh: glowing place. It was almost unbearable. 5. She sat up, but she felt quite dizzy, quite drunk. It must have been the spring. 6. It was marvelous to be made love like that. 7. It is the moon that makes you talk to yourself in that silly way. 8. It is very distressing to me, Sir, to give this information. 9. He took :he path through the fields: it was pleasanter than the road. 10. If this is liberty, it isn’t going to mean a thing. 11. It was now almost four-thirty in the afternoon. 12. I took a good room. It was very big and light and looked out on the laсe. Ex. 9. Read and translate the sentences. State the types of predicates in them. 1. It takes a long time to learn a language. 2. My niece has been taking music lessons for a year already. 3. The storm started all of a sudden. 4. They started to work enthusiastically. 5. They stopped talking when the teacher entered the classroom. 6. He can’t stop loving her. 7. Every year he met with his classmates. They would sit to table, have a special supper and remember the good old times. 8. When I was a schoolgirl, my mother used to give me a lift to the school. 9. Sure, dear, this young man must have been waiting for you outside for two hours already. 10. Bob looks like a punk. 11. This novel was a bestseller last year. 12. Jessica looks elegant in the new suit. 13. She turned pale, the news was too bitter. 14. The strawberries look beautiful and taste delicious. I adore them. 15. Nora gave me an odd look. 16. Now we are having a very lazy time. 17. If I make a mistake, correct me. 18. He gave Henry a hearty wink and strode off. Ex. 10. Say what part of speech the predicatives are expressed by in the following sentences. 1. This is a «cheer up» book. 2. The Renoirs in this museum are priceless. 3. Mrs. Norris is a great cat-lover. 4. This film was awfully funny. 5. You look great today! 6. The new manager is about thirty. 7. Chris became a computer whizz. 8. Your task is to find the right man to do the job. 9. I am scared, I really am. 10. It was them who did it. 11. The biggest problem in life is choosing. 12. It’s getting cold. 13. He felt lonely. 14. This perfume smells fantastic! 15. Harry’s mouth fell open as the full impact of what he was seeing hit him. 16. It’5 up to you. 17. My French is very rusty. Ex. 11. Translate the sentences. 1. Он был тверд в своем решении. 2. Вопрос остается открытым. 3. Дом оставался пустым в течение двадцати лет. 4. Лицо Макса стало кирпично-красным. 5. Пойми, твоё поведение сводит с ума твоих родителей. 6. Он выглядел победоносно. 7. Мальчик торжествующе посмотрел на всех. 8. Уши Рона стали пунцовыми. 9. Металл оставался твердым. 10. У Гарри онемело все тело. 11. Дверь моментально распахнулась. 12. У меня вдруг пересохло во рту. 13. Подошла официантка, и обе женщины умолкли. 14. В чем дело? Ты вдруг побледнела. 15. Он разозлился. 16. Ребенок заболел на прошлой неделе. 17. Яблоко кислое на вкус. 18. Этот ручей пересыхает летом. 19. Сад пришел в запустение. 20. Иногда слова могут звучать так холодно. 21. Эти ягоды так хорошо пахнут. Theme 3: Agreement of the predicate with the subject (4 hours). a) The rules of agreement of the predicate with the subject. b) Agreement of the predicate and the subject, expressed by a syntactic ord-group. Practical Exercises Ex. 12. Explain why the predicative-verb is used in the singular or in the plural. 1. The family were still at table. 2. There was a crowd of soldiers along the fence. 3. The multitude have something else to do than to read hearts and interpret dark sayings. 4. The new married pair, on their arrival Cavendish Square, London were received by the chief butler. 5. The company are cool and calm. 6. As of old, nineteen hours of labour a day was all too little to suit him. 7. There were still two hours of daylight before them. 8. Tom’s whole class were of a pattern-restless, noisy and troublesome. 9. A group of men were standing guarded by carabinieri. 10. The loving couple were no longer happy. Ex. 13. Use the appropriate form of the verb. 1. His hard pantings…. his only reply (was, were). 2. There … many a true word spoken in jest (is, are). 3. … the police coming (is, are). 4. He and I … nothing in common (has, have). 4. Neither moon nor stars … visible (was, were). 5. But I wonder no wealthy nobleman or gentleman – taken a fancy to her. (has, have). 6. Nobody .. I am here (knows, know). 7. Twelve years … a long time (was, were). 8. May and I … just friends (is, are). 9. Youth and Age … a weekly, and it had published two-thirds of his twenty-one-thousand-word serial when it went out of business. 10. There … a number of men present (was, were). 11. The bread and butter.. .for Gwendolen (is, are). 12. Plain United states… good enough for me (is, are). 13. Everybody … clever nowadays (is, are). 14. There ... a number of things that you don’t understand (is, are). 15. Neither of us … engaged to be married to anyone (is, are). Ex. 14. Translate the sentences. 1. Все ясно. 2. Всякий, кто это говорит, ошибается. 3. Каждый из нас имеет свои обязанности. 4. Все присутствовали на собрании. 5. Никто не знает об этом. 6. Ни тот, ни другой ответ не является правильным. 7. Кто-то стучит в дверь. 8. Все готово. 9. Фонетика – отдел языкознания. 10. У нее темные волосы. 11. Эти часы стоят сто рублей. 12. Моя одежда мокрая. 13. Или вы, или он сделали это. 14. Команда состоит из двадцати человек. 15. Семья сидела вокруг стола. 16. Была образована комиссия для разработки нового плана. 17. Семья моего брата большая. 18. Команда стояла на палубе. 19. Женщина с ребенком на руках стояла у ворот. 20. Девушка так же, как и мальчики, научилась управлять автомобилем. Theme 4: The secondary parts of the sentence (8 hours). a) The object and its kinds. b) The attribute and its kinds. c) The adverbial modifier d) Detached parts of the sentence. e) The independent elements of the sentence Ex. 15. Point out the kind of object and say by what it is expressed. Translate into Russian. 1. What have you got there? (Cranin) 2. She pretended not to hear. (Mansfield) 3. Marcellus found the luggage packed and strapped for the journey. (Douglas) 4. I know all about it, my son. (Douglas) 5. I have to snow Dr. French his room. (Shaw) 6. I never heard you express that opinion before, sir. (Douglas) 7. Halting, he waited for the Roman to speak first. (Douglas) 8. Me was with you at the banquet. (Douglas) 9. They don’t want anything from us – not even cur respect. (Douglas) 10. I beg your pardon for calling you by your name. (Shaw) 11. I found myself pitying the Baron. (Mansfield) 12. I’ve got it framed up with Gilly to drive him anywhere. (Kahler) 13. He smiled upon the young men a smile at once personal and presidential. (Kahler) 14. Gallio didn’t know how to talk with Marcellus about it. (Douglas) 15. Laura helped her mother with the good-byes. (Mansfield) 16. Why did you not want him to come back and see me to-day? (Mansfield) 17. Mr. Jinks, not exactly knowing what to do, smiled a dependant’s smile. (Dickens) 18. He found it impossible to utter the next word. (Kahler) 19. Marcellus issued crisp orders and insisted upon absolute obedience. (Douglas) 20. He’s going to live his own life and stop letting his mother boss him around like a baby. (Kahler) 21. I will suffer no priest to interfere in my business. (Shaw) 22. Papa will never consent to my being absolutely dependent on you. (Shaw) 23. Do you know anything more about this dreadful place? (Douglas) 24. She hated Frisco and hated herself for having yielded to his kisses. (Prichard) 25. They had been very hard to please. Harry would demand the impossible. (Mansfield) 26. His part in the conversation consisted chiefly of yesses and noes. (Kahler) 27. Michelangelo could not remember having seen a painting or sculpture of the simplest nature in a Buanarrotti house. (Stone) Ex. 16. Point out the Complex Object and say by what it is expressed. Translate into Russian. 1. He could see the man and Great Beaver talking together. (London) 2. She had lied about the scullery door being open on the night of the disappearance of the bank-notes. (Bennett) 3. Each woman thought herself triumphant and the other altogether vanquished. (Buck) 4. Thus these two waited with impatience for the three years to be over. (Buck) 5. Sammy watched Mr. Cheviot slowly take the receiver from the girl. (Priestley) 6. He hated her to work in the boarding house. (Prichard) 7. The Consul felt his legs give way. (Cronin) 8. Mother objected to Aimee being taken away from her game with the boys. (Prichard) 9. They had never heard him speak with such urgency, his eyes glowing like amber coals in the fading light. (Stone) Ex. 17. Translate into English. 1. Он посвящал музыке все свободное время. 2. Объясните мне, пожалуйста, значение новых слов. 3. Мы приписываем теплому течению мягкий климат этого острова. 4. Он открыл нам секрет своего изобретения. 5. Байрон посвятил одну из своих поэм Гете. 6. Вы видели, чтобы кто-нибудь вышел из комнаты? 7. Она объявила нам о своем желании уехать работать на целину. 3. Не приписывайте мне того, что я никогда не делал. 9. Он посвящает общественной работе все свое свободное время. 10. Мне вчера не починили часы. 11. Я никогда не слышал, чтобы об этом студенте плохо отзывались. 12. Я хочу перешить свое пальто. 13. Войдя в картинную галерею, я увидела мою приятельницу, стоявшую у окна. 14. Она хотела, чтобы ей сшили пальто к Новому году. 15. Спойте нам. 16. Спойте нам еще одну арию из «Евгения Онегина». Ex. 18. Point out the attribute and say by what it is expressed. 1. The first day’s journey from Gaza to Ascalon was intolerably tedious. (Douglas) 2. What do you say to a stroll through the garden, Mr. Cockane? (Shaw) 3. It was such a cruel thing to have happened to that gentle, helpless creature. (Prichard) 4. He was always the first to enter the dining-room and the last to leave. (Mansfield) 5. Sally hated the idea of borrowing and living on credit. (Prichard) 6. The two men faced each other silently. (Douglas) 7. It was an easy go-as-you-please existence. (Prichard) 8. I am not in the habit of reading other people’s letters. (Shaw) 9. He thrust his hands deep into his overcoat pockets. (Galsworthy) 10. It was not a matter to be discussed even with a guide, philosopher and friend so near and trusted as the Professor. (Kahler) 11. Ethel, the youngest, married a good-for-nothing little waiter. (Mansfield) 12. fie pointed to a house on a near-by shady knoll. (Douglas) 13. It was just one little sheet of glass between her and the great wet world outsice. (Mansfield) 14. She had a pair of immense bare arms to match, and a quantity of mottled hair arranged in a sort of bow. (Mansfield) 15. Dicky heard right enough. A clear, ringing little laugh was his only reply. (Mansfield) 16. To think that a man of his abilities would stoop to such a horrible trick as that. (Dreiser) 17. There was a blackbird perched on the cherry-tree, sleek and glistening.(Braine) 18. A middle-aged man carrying a sheaf of cards walked into the room. (Braine) 19. Daniel Quilp began to comprehend the possibility of there being somebody at the door. (Dickens) 20. Still, Pett’s happiness or unhappiness is quite a life and death question with us. (Dickens) Ex. 19. Point out the apposition and say whether it is close or loose. 1. Maria, the mother, had not taken off her shawl. (Cronin) 2. One of our number, a round-faced, curly-haired, little man of about forty, glared at him aggressively (Braddon) 3. There are plenty of dogs in the town of Oxford. (Jerome K. Jerome) 4. You look all right, Uncle Soames. (Galsworthy) 5. James, a slow and thorough eater, stopped the process of mastication. (Galsworthy) 6. He felt lost, alone there in the room with that pale spirit of a woman. (London) 7. But the doctor – a family physician well past middle age – was not impressed. (Carter) 8. They, the professors, were right in their literary judgement... (London) 9. In consequence neither Oscar nor his sister Martha had any too much education or decent social experience of any kind. (Dreiser) 10. But now he had seen that world, possible and real, with a flower of a woman... (London) Ex. 20. Point out the kind of adverbial modifier, and state by what it is expressed. Translate into Russian. 1. Gallio slowly nodded his head. (Douglas) 2. He’s coming on Saturday at one o’clock. (Cronin) 3. Lucia stopped them in their tracks with a stern command. (Douglas) 4. Sally was sitting on the front seat of the buggy, dumb and unhappy at being ignored. (Prichard) 5. I feel my own deficiencies too keenly to presume so far. (Shaw) 6. A few miners hung on, hoping the mines would reopen. (Prichard) 7. The first bar of gold raised hopes sky high. (Prichard) 8. She had to talk because of her desire to laugh. (Mansfield) 9. Gallio pushed back his huge chair and rose to his full height as if preparing to deliver an address. (Douglas) 10. He takes aglass and holds it to Essie to be filled. (Shaw) 11. Morris was walking too quickly for Sally to keep up with him. (Prichard) 12. The poor woman was annoyed with Morris for dumping his wife on her. (Prichard) 13. It was quite a long narrative. (Douglas) 14. Of course Laura and Jose were far too grown-up to really calre about such things. (Mansfield) 15. Now and then Gavin would stop1 to point out silently some rarity. (Cronin) 16. And for all her quiet manner, and her quiet smile, she was full of trouble. (Dickens) 17. The young schoolteacher’s spirits rose to a decided height. (Dreiser) 18. Evil report, with time and chance to help it, travels patiently, and travels far. (Collins) |
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