Учебное пособие по разговорному английскому языку для студентов всех специальностей неязыкового вуза Омск

part-time. The Open University's style of teaching is called “supported open learning”, also known as “distance learning”. Your course may use any of the following different media that you will use from home (or wherever you choose to study): printed course materials, set books, audio cassettes, video cassettes, TV programmes, cd-rom/software, web site. 21. Answer these questions. 1) What are the three types of universities in Great Britain? 2) What is necessary to go on to higher education? 3) What grants do students receive? 4) Differentiate between the first, the second and the highest degrees given after the graduation from a university. What is necessary for getting these degrees? 5) What other institutions of higher education are there in Great Britain? 22. Read the text and try to understand all the details. Differences in the organization of education in Britain and America lead to different terms. One crucial word, school, is used in overlapping but different ways. A place of education for young children is a school in both varieties. But the word school in B.E. is never used to refer to a university or other college of higher education. A student graduates from an American high school; a pupil (never student) leaves a British secondary school. To graduate is possible only from a university or college in British usage; graduating entails taking a degree. British universities have 3 terms; American universities have 2 semesters (or 4 quarters). Usually a British university student takes 3 years to get his degree; these are known as the first, second and final years. An American university student typically takes 3 or 4 years, known as a freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years. While he is studying, the American majors in a particular subjects, but also takes electives. The British student usually takes a main and subsidiary subjects. The British term honours degree signifies that the student specializes in one main subject, perhaps with one subsidiary. The American student earns credits for successfully completing a number of self-contained courses of study, the credits eventually reaching the total needed to receive a degree. The British student who has already taken the first degree (usually a B.A. or B.Sc. except in Scottish universities) is a post-graduate. The American equivalent is a graduate. In American universities those who teach are known as the faculty. In Britain they are the staff (academic staff). Copy the table in your notebook and fill it in. British English American English - ВУЗ - заканчивать ВУЗ - заканчивать среднее специальное учебное заведение -учащийся среднего специального учебного заведения - семестр - выпускной курс - педагогический коллектив - выпускник - студент первого курса - студент второго курса - студент третьего курса -студент выпускного курса Speech Practice 24. Look through the dialogues given below and make up your own dialogue on the following situation: a foreign student wants to know as much as possible about the system of higher education in Russia. -1- - My name is Dmitry. I study at the Omsk Technical University. - By the way, are the graduates of Russian universities or institutes given a degree? - No, they are not. The system of scientific degrees in our country is different. The graduates are given diplomas, which are actually the same as the British first degree (degree of bachelor). -Do students in Russia pay tuition? - No, almost all forms of education in our country are free (of charge). Students of higher and secondary specialized education establishments get grants. Though nowadays there are a lot of new educational forms where tuition is paid by the students. - What’s the course at Russian universities, institutes and academies? - In most of higher education establishments it’s 5 years. -2- - Is there a system of further education in Russia for those adults who work after leaving school? - For these people almost every university and institute has evening and extramural departments. - Do such students attend lectures and if so, how often do they come? - Students of the evening departments attend lectures four times a week. As to the extramural students, they have classes before examinations. 25. Discuss the following problems in two groups, one of them supporting the statements given below, the other – disproving them. Read pros and cons in the tables. Think of some more, which are important in your opinion. It is necessary for a future engineer to study a foreign language. For Against Can read foreign scientific journals as soon as they are published. Can speak to foreign colleagues if necessary. Can read foreign books. It’s interesting to speak to people using another language. Can find out more about the world. It takes a lot of time to study it. Sometimes the results are rather poor. You can wait till interesting articles are translated into your native language. You can turn to a translator if it is necessary. It is not interesting to study a foreign language. 2) If a young man has a family of his owns he had better enter an extramural faculty, not a full-time one. Full-time faculty Extramural faculty For For A lot of time to take part in an experimental work (in the labs etc.) The opportunity of self-study with the help of qualified teachers. Time to take part in sport activities. Some experience combining work with study. The possibility to get a salary enough for a growing family. Prospects of promotion. Against Against The grants are not enough for a growing family. Too many subjects to study. No time for studying after work. Much time and effort to work on one’s own. To express your opinion: I think…; Speaking for myself…; I believe…; I suppose…; I’m sure; In my opinion… To agree with somebody: Yes, I agree (with you); That’s true; I think so too; You are quite right. To disagree with somebody: On the other hand…; I don’t agree (with you); It’s not (entirely) true; I don’t think so. 26. Express your opinion answering the questions. 1) Why do young people enter high schools? 2) What can you say about the curriculum of your higher school? Give your examples. 3) What is more difficult: to be a full-time or a part-time student? Give your reasons. 4) Do you think there are a lot of opportunities for the young people in our country to get higher education? Give your examples. 27. Speak on the university you study at. Check list to module 2 1. Where do young people of Russia get higher education? 2. What competition is there usually at our higher schools? 3. What opportunities have those young people who have failed to become full-time students? 4. What kind of higher institutions are there in Russia for the people who want to combine their work with study? 5. What privilege have evening and extramural students? 6. How long does the course of study run? 7. What curriculum have our higher schools? 1 8. Which faculty was the first one? 9. In what year the Institute became Omsk State Technical University? 10. What can you say about the teaching stuff of the University? 11. Which degrees does the University give the students? 12. Is Post-Graduate Study available to the students? 13. What are the three types of universities in Great Britain? 14. What grants do students receive? 15. What other institutions of higher education are there in Great Britain? Module III The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Part 1. Geographical position of Great Britain Vocabulary training 1. Read and remember the following words and word-combinations. to ʼseparate – отделять(ся) to in′clude – включать to wash – омывать to de′pend on – зависеть to occupy - занимать to be ʼsituated – быть расположенным to be bound – быть ограниченным ′island – остров peʼninsula [ pɪʼnɪnsjulə] – полуостров county - графство ′coast – берег, побережье surface[′sə:fis] – поверхность harbour[′ha:bə] – гавань a number of – ряд, несколько ′current – течение inde′pendent – независимый flat – плоский, равнинный mountainous – гористый ′rocky – скалистый ′changeable – изменчивый ′moderate– умеренный deep - глубокий mild – мягкий wet – влажный ′cloudy – облачный ′total – полный, весь in length – длиной, по длине as a rule – как правило in addition to – в дополнении к 2. Work in pairs. Student A translate these sentences into Russian , student B translate them into English. 1. to in′cludе – включать Great Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales. 2. to de′pend on – зависеть As a rule the climate depends on the geographical position of the country. 3. to wash – омывать The warm sea washes the country. 4. to be bound – быть ограниченным, граничить On the west Great Britain is bound by the Atlantic Ocean. 5. ′coast – берег, побережье The northern coasts of the country are washed by the North Sea. 6.′harbour – гавань The coast line has excellent harbours. 7. flat – плоский, равнинный The greater part of the surface of England is flat. 8. ′mountainous – гористый 9. ′rocky – скалистый The northern part of the country is mountainous and rocky. 10. mild – мягкий 11. ′cloudy – облачный 12. wet – влажный The England weather is mild, wet and cloudy. 3.Read the geographical names. 1.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [ju:ʼnaɪtid ʼkindəm əvʼgreit ʼbritən ənd ʼnɔ:Әən ʼailənd] - Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии. 2. Great Britain [ʼgreit ʼ britən] – Великобритания 3. the British Isles [ ʼbritiʃ ʼailz] – Британские острова 4. England [ ʼɪ:ῃglənd]– Англия 5. Scotland [ ʼskɔtlənd] – Шотландия 6. Wales [ ʼweilz] – Уэльс 7. the Irish Sea [ ʼairiʃ ʼsi:] – Ирландское море 8. the North Sea [ ʼnɔ:θ ʼsi:] – Северное море 9. the European Continent [ju:rəʼpi:ən ʼkɔntinәnt] – Европейский континент 10. the English Channel [ ʼi:ηgliʃ ʼʧᴂnәl]– пролив Ла-Манш 11. the Strait of Dover [ʼstreit əv ʼdouvə] – пролив Па-де-Кале 12. Ben Nevis [ben ʼnevis] – г. Бен Невис 13. the Severn [ʼsevn] – р. Северн 14. the Thames [ʼtemz] – р. Темза 15. the Windermere [ʼwindəmiə] – оз. Уиндермир 16. the Gulf Stream [ʼgʌlf ʼstri:m]–течение Гольфстрим 17. Celtic [ʼkeltik] – кельтский 18. Manchester [ʼmᴂnʧistə] – Манчестер 19. Liverpool [ʼlivəpu:l] – Ливерпуль 20. Glasgow [ʼglα:sgou]] – Глазго 21. Birmingham [ʼbә:miηəm]– Бирмингем 4. Choose the geographical names with а definite article the in exercise III, read and memorize them. 5. Find the synonyms. main, total, flat, coast, state, about, territory, shore, area, chief, entire, level, country, mild, soft, several, cool, current, flow, cold, nearly, a number of. 6. Read the adjectives and form degrees of comparison. Translate them into Russian. great mild warm long large changeable small wet deep moderate high short 7. Make sure if you remember the suffixes of adjectives. mountain – mountainous; climate – climatic; rock – rocky; cloud – cloudy; wind – windy; geography – geographical; tropics – tropical; Europe – European; north – northern; south – southern; change – changeable. 8. Read and translate the following word-combinations and phrases. a) geographical position, total area, excellent harbours, independent republic, Northern Ireland, on the west coast, the Lake District, Celtic languages, warm current of the Gulf Stream, the highest mountain Ben Nevis, the largest lake Windermere, b) can be used by ships, it brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people, as a rule, the surface is flat. 9. Match the words in A with those in B. A B 1.part 2.surface 3.area 4.republic 5.position 6.climate 7.current 8.continent a. flat b. total c. changeable d. independent e. geographical f. southern g. European h. warm 10. Translate the sentences into Russian and then back into English. 1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on two large islands. 2. The country is separated from the European Continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. 3. The southern part of Ireland is an independent republic. 4. On the west coasts of the state is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean. 5. The British Isles are washed by the warm current of the Gulf Stream. 11. Express your opinion. 1. The total area of Great Britain is about 245.000 square kms. 2. Over 80 % of population of Great Britain live in cities. 3. The longest rivers are the Severn and the Thames. 4. The river Thames is 332 kms in length. 5. The Strait of Dover is only 31 kms across. 6. The main cities of the country are London, Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester. 12. Translate into English. on: на двух больших островах; на континенте; на Темзе; на озере Виндермир; на Тихом океане; на западном побережье. in: в Европе; в Шотландии; по длине; в стране; на севере; на юге; на западе страны. by: отделен Ирландским морем; ограничен Атлантическим океаном; использованы кораблями; омывается тёплым течением. of: теплое течение Гольфстрима; Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии; поверхность Англии; самая длинная из них; 80 % населения; ряд озер; прибрежная зона страны. 13. Choose the right word. 1. The southern part of Ireland is an (developing, independent, socialist) republic. 2. The coastline of the country has excellent (gulfs, mountains, harbours). 3. The English weather is (changeable, unchangeable, dry). 4. The longest river Severn is 353 kms (in a year, in number, in length). 5. The British Isles are (bound, washed, situated) by the warm (current, sea, ocean) of the Gulf Stream. Reading 14. Study the following text. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on 2 large islands and 5.000 smaller ones. These are the British Isles. Great Britain is the largest island in Europe. It is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea, from the European Continent – by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. In the east the country is washed by the North Sea. On the west coasts Great Britain is bound by the Atlantic Ocean. Great Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales. Administratively Great Britain is divided into 55 counties. England is the largest part of Great Britain. It occupies over 50 % of the territory and its population amounts to 83 % of the total population of Great Britain. Wales is а peninsula in the south-west of the island of Great Britain. It occupies about 9 % of its territory with the population of 4.8 % of the total population. The Welsh speak their own language. The capital is Cardiff. Scotland is the most northern part of Great Britain with the territory of 32 % of the total territory and with the population of 9 % of the total population of Great Britain. Its capital is Edinburgh. Northern Ireland occupies the north-east part of the island of Ireland. Its territory amounts to 5.2 % of the total territory of Great Britain. Its capital is Belfast. The southern part of Ireland is an independent republic. The greater part of the surface of England and Ireland is flat. The northern part of Scotland and Wales is mountainous and rocky. The main rivers are short but can be used by ships. The longest of them are the Severn, 353 kms in length and the Thames, 332 kms in length. There is a number of lakes in the country. The largest lake is the Lake District. The coastline of the country has excellent harbours. As a rule, climate depends on the geographical position of the country. The British Isles are washed by the warm current of the Gulf Stream, It makes the climate more moderate than on the Continent and brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people. So the weather is mild, wet, cloudy, windy and changeable. The total area of the country is about 21.600 square miles or 245.000 kms. The population of Great Britain is about 58 million, 44 being Englishmen. Over 80 % of the population live in cities and towns. Nearly all people speak English. but some speak Celtic languages. The main cities are London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, Edinburgh, Glasgow and Cardiff. 15. Express your opinion. Model: T: The greater part of England is flat. St: It is right. The greatest part of England is flat. T: The population of Great Britain is 130 million. St: It is wrong. The population of Great Britain is 58 million. 1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on 1 large island. 2. Great Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales. 3. Great Britain is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea. 4. Great Britain is bounded by the Pacific Ocean. 5. The main rivers of Great Britain can be used by ships. 6. The British Isles are washed by the cold current of the Gulf Stream. 7. The Gulf Stream brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people. 8. The weather in England is mild, wet, cloudy, windy and changeable. 9. The main cities of Great Britain are New York, Washington, San Francisco and Chicago. 16. Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations. скалистый; прибрежная линия; независимая республика; это делает климат более умеренным; могут быть использованы судами; приносит немного «тропиков» к самым дверям англичан; на западном побережье; причем 44 – это англичанe. 17. Say it in English using the model. 1. to be situated – быть расположенным Model: T: Омск расположен в Сибири. St: Omsk is situated in Siberia. a). Франция расположена на Европейском континенте. b) Шотландия расположена на севере Великобритании. c) Великобритания расположена на Британских островах. 2. to be separated – быть отделенным Model: T: Европа отделена от Азии Уральскими горами. St: Europe is separated from Asia by the Urals. a) Великобритания отделена от Ирландии Ирландским морем. b) Великобритания отделена от Европейского континента Северным морем. c) Шотландия отделена от Англии горами и холмами. d) Франция отделена от Великобритании проливами Ла Манш и Паде-Кале. 3. to include – включать Model: T: Омскaя область включает 32 района. St: Omsk region includes 32 districts. a) Великобритания включает Англию, Шотландию и Уэльс. b) Британские острова включают 2 больших острова и более 5000 маленьких островов. c) Лондон включает 3 основные части. 18. Fill in the missing words and phrases from those listed below. 1. The greater part of the surface of England and Ireland is …. 2. The northern part of Scotland and Wales is …. 3. The Severn is 353 kms…, the Thames is 332 kms …. 4. The weather in England is …. 5. The highest mountain is …. 6. The Gulf Stream makes the climate more …. 7. The British Isles are washed by …. mountainous, flat, Ben Nevis, rocky, in length, in Scotland, the warm current of the Gulf Stream, wet, cloudy, mild, moderate. 19. Finish up the sentences according to the model: .........in Scotland........ .........in Ireland........... .........in Wales............ ..........in Sweden.......... ..........in Spain........ ..........in Denmark........ ...........in Holland.......... ........in Switzerland....... 20. Translate the following sentences. 1. Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположено на Британских островах. 2. Великобритания включает Англию, Шотландию и Уэльс. 3. Южная часть Ирландии – это независимая республика. 4. Полная площадь страны равна 245 тыс. кв. км. 5. Большая часть Англии и Ирландии плоская. 6. Северная часть Шотландии и Уэльса горная. 7. Самые длинные реки – Северн и Темза. 8. Британские острова омываются теплым течением Гольфстрима и это делает климат более умеренным. 9. Погода в стране мягкая, влажная, изменчивая. 10. Население страны равно 58 миллионам. 11. Главные города – Лондон, Бирмингем, Ливерпуль, Глазго, Манчестер. Speech practice 21. Imagine you are a teacher of geography in English school. 22. Bring two pictures or postcards showing some English scenery. Describe what there is in the pictures, what feelings you have about the views. 23. Describe the geographical position of Great Britain. а) the position of the country; b) what parts it consists of; c) its scenary; d) climate; e) its population; f) the main cities; 24. Discuss the following topics (use the map and some additional sources of information): 1. Physical background of Great Britain. 2. English scenery and climate. 3. Big cities of Great Britain. 4. Four parts of the country.

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