Учебное пособие по английскому языку Краснодар

The United [ju:'naitid] Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern [no:ðən] Ireland ['aiələnd] — Соединен­ное Королевство Великобритании и Север­ной Ирландии

the British Isles [ailz] — Британские острова

Edinburgh ['edinbərə] — Эдошбург

Cardiff ['ka:dif] — Кардифф

Belfast [bel'fa:st] — Белфаст

the North Sea — Северное море

the English Channel [t∫ænl] — Английский канал (принятое в Великобритании название про­лива Ла-Манш)

the Irish ['aiəri∫] Sea - Ирландское море

the Atlantic Ocean [ə'tlæntik 'ou∫n]— Атлантиче­ский океан

Highlands ['hailəndz] — гористая часть Lowlands ['louləndz] — низменная часть Ben Nevis [ben'nevis] — Бен Невис

the Severn ['sevən] — Северн

the Thames [temz] — Темза

Gulf Stream [gΛlfstri:m] — Гольфстрим

the House of Lords — палата лордов

the House of Commons — палата общин

the Labour ['leibə], the Conservative [kən'sə:vətiv] and the Liberal ['libərəl] parties — Лейборист­ская, Консервативная и Либеральная партии

Vocabulary

to be situated ['sitjueitid] — быть расположенным

to consist [kən'sist] of— состоять из

total area ['toutl 'εəriə] — общая площадь

kilometre ['kilə,mi:tə] — километр

respectively [ri'spektivli] —соответственно

to include [in'klu:d] — включать

to mean [mi:n] (meant, meant)— означать

to separate ['sepəreit] — разделять

to wash — омывать

surface ['sə:fis] — поверхность

to vary ['vεəri] — менять(ся), разнообразить

mountainous ['mauntinəs] — гористый

valley ['væli] — долина

vast [va:st] — огромный

plain — равнина

deep — глубокий

to influence ['influəns] — влиять

climate [klaimit] — климат

mild [maild] — мягкий, умеренный

the whole year round — круглый год

population — население

urban ['ə:bən] — городской

highly developed [di'veləpt] — высокоразвитый

producer [prə'dju:se] — производитель

exporter [ikspo:tə] — экспортер

machinery [mə'∫inəri] — машинное оборудова­ние

electronics [elik'troniks] — электроника

textile ['tekstail] — текстиль

aircraft ['εəkra:ft]— самолеты

navigation [nævi'gei∫n] — судоходство

equipment [i'kwipmənt] — оборудование

chief [t∫i:f] — главный, основной

shipbuilding — кораблестроение

constitutional monarchy [,konsti'tju:∫ənl 'monəki] — конституционная монархии

law [lo:] — закон

in law — по закону

the head of state — глава государства

queen [kwi:n] — королева

in practice ['præktis] — фактически, на практике

to reign [rein] — царствовать

to rule [ru:l] — править

to elect [i'lekt] — выбирать

government [gΛvənmənt] — правительство

Prime Minister — премьер министр

at the head — во главе

parliament ['pa:ləmənt] — парламент

chamber ['t∫eimbə] — палата

Questions

1. 
   The UK is an island state, isn't it? Where is it situated?
   
2. 
   What countries is the UK made of? What are their capitals?
   
3. 
   What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent?
   
4. 
   The surface of the British Isles varies very much, doesn't it?
   
5. 
   What is the north of Scotland called? What is the south of Scotland called?
   
6. 
   What's the highest mountain in Scotland?
   
7. 
   Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain?
   
8. 
   Why is the climate of the British Isles mild?
   
9. 
   Is the UK a large country?
   
10. 
    What's the UK's population?
    
11. 
    The UK is a highly developed industrial country. What does it produce and export?
    
12. 
    The UK is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean?
    

Дополнительные тексты для чтения темы 4 «Great Britain»

Текст 1

T
Britain — an anglicized form of Britannia, the Roman name for what is now England, Wales and Scotland. In the 4th century ВС the inhabitants were known as Pretannoi, and under the Roman occupation they were known as Brittanni.
he British Isles.


The name of Great Britain was first officially used in 1604, when James I was proclaimed 'King of Great Britain'. It had been used earlier by some writers, however, to distinguish Britain from Britannia Minor, or Brittany, in France.




The British Isles refers to the geographical group of islands from near the French coast to the far north near Iceland.

Great Britain refers to England, Wales and Scotland. It is the main island.

The United Kingdom is the administrative title and includes Great Britain and Norrhern Ireland.

Текст 2.

England

1. 
   Read the text about England and find out what special features different regions of England have.
   

Albion is an ancient and poetic name for England or Great Britain, perhaps from the white (Latin albus) cliffs of Dover, but possibly from Celtic alp, which means 'rock'.

England is often subdivided into three parts: the South, the Midlands and the North:

T
"This is blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England. " William Shakespeare
he South. The landscape is varied.

The climate is warmer than in the other areas. There are hundreds of miles of sea coast which vary from flat, sandy or stony beaches to high rocky cliffs. The mild and sunny climate makes the south coast popular with holiday-makers. Some coastal resorts are famous, Brighton among them.

Somerset, Devon and Cornwall are rural counties, tucked away with hidden fishing hamlets and Britain's warmest weather in winter. There are high, bare hills, rock and deep wooded valleys Inland, the landscape is gentle and green; it is famous for its fertile farmland, the calm, tranquil and quiet beauty of its countryside. One of the most beautiful counties in the South of England is certainly Kent. It is known as the Garden of England, because it is famous for its picturesque orchards which produce a lot of fruit and vegetables.


"Our England Is a garden that Is full of stately views ... " Rudyard Kipling

Another area which has some of the richest farmland in the country is known as the Fens and lies to the east of Cambridge.

This land was drained and now the Fen Country consists of miles of flat land with almost no trees or hedges.

I
A fen is land which is

lowlying and wet, often