Программа по формированию навыков безопасного поведения на дорогах и улицах «Добрая дорога детства» 2

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1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

How old was Lomonosov when he left his native village?
When was the first Russian University founded?

M. V. LOMONOSOV

1. M. V. Lomonosov was born in 1711 in the village of Denisovka near Arkhangelsk in the family of a fisherman. At the age of 17 he left his native village and made his way to Moscow. In Moscow he entered the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy. Lomonosov didn't finish his last grade, as he was sent with eleven other pupils to St. Petersburg to study at the Academy of Sciences.

Less than a year after he came to Petersburg Lomonosov was sent abroad to study metallurgy and mining. In 1741 Lomonosov returned to Russia and began to teach chemistry and physics at the Academy.
Lomonosov established the fundamental law of chemical change of substance which is called the Law of Conservation of Mass.

Lomonosov founded a new science that we call today physical chemistry. He also studied electrical phenomena in atmosphere of the Earth, the nature of light, and designed an improved telescope. Lomonosov considered nature to be in a state of constant change and development. Coal, oil, etc. were all formed as a result of evolution.
Lomonosov was a great scientist. His works in poetry had a great influence on Russian literature. Owing to his efforts, the first Russian University was founded in Moscow in 1755. This university bearing his name became the centre of knowledge and science in Russia.

Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 2, 4.
Заполните пропуски соответствующей активной или пассивной формой глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык:

In 1745 Lomonosov (was appointed, appointed) a professor at the Academy of Sciences.
The first electric lamp (was invented, invented) in 1873 by A. N. Lodygin.
In 1911 Marie Curie (was received, received) the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты:

Lomonosov considered chemistry to be his "main profession".
The air is known to be a mixture of gases.
Lomonosov is considered to be a great Russian scientist.

5. Определите функции инфинитива и переведите предложения на русский язык:

Lomonosov began to work at an early age.
Edison founded an electric company to supply electricity to New York and other places.
The experiment to be made by this scientist will give us important information.

6. Употребите глагол-сказуемое в будущем времени, используя эквиваленты модальных глаголов:

They must solve a number of scientific problems.
She can do this work in time.
You may use this method in your research.

7. Заполните пропуски неопределенными местоимениями some, any, no:

There were (some, any, no) other higher schools at that time in Russia.
Can you give me (some, any, no) magazines?
They carried out (some, any, no) experiments yesterday.

8. а) Прочтите и переведите текст. Выполните задания, которые следуют за ним.

Electricity is made in many ways. One way is a battery, as used in a transistor radio. A simple battery has a positive terminal, connected to a carbon rod. The carbon rod is placed in a chemical paste inside a zinc container.

Any material which will allow electricity to flow through it is called a conductor. Most metals are good conductors.

A simple battery converts, or changes, chemical energy into electrical energy. Other forms of energy, such as heat and light, may be converted into electricity. The most common way of making electricity is by the conversion of mechanical energy.

б) Употребите нужное по смыслу местоимение:

If the petrol tank is empty, pour (some, any, no) petrol into it.
There was (some, any, no) water in the radiator, so we had to refill it.
This mechanic can repair (some, any, no) type of engine.

в) Выпишите из текста предложения, в которых глагол-сказуемое
употребляется в пассиве.

г) Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

What is a conductor?
Are metals good conductors?

What forms of energy can be converted into electricity?

9. Образуйте причастия I и I от данных ниже глаголов.

. repeat, get, live, like, have, read, enjoy, know see, play, feel.

10. Стоящие в скобках глаголы замените в зависимости от смысла
предложения причастиями I и П. Переведите предложения письменно.

The woman (to sit) in the arm-chair is my aunt. The results (to obtain) were promising. The novel (to write) by the young writer is very interesting. When (to play) tennis he slipped and broke his leg. (To enter) the room he saw a letter on his desk.

11. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present
Simple Passive Voice, и переведите их письменно.

All the questions (to answer) by the students. The coffee (to bring) into the room. The books (to use) in the class. We (to invite) for tea. She (to take) to the cinema. Frieda (to meet) at the station.

12. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Past
Simple Passive Voice, и переведите их письменно.

The breakfast (to make) by my mother. Eggs (to sell) by the grosser. Many questions (to ask) after meeting. She (to send) to London last month.

13. Переведите письменно следующие предложения.

How many people are injured in road accidents every day? The room was being cleaned when I arrived. All flights have been cancelled because of fog. Her letter was written with a pencil. I believe the hockey match is being shown on TV now. Those papers'haven't been looked through yet. I was told the news this morning.

14. Переведите на английский язык.

Детей нужно учить иностранным языкам. Эти коробки открываются очень быстро. Меня попросили помочь ей. Возможно, в следующем году будет построена новая больница. Этот метод используется во многих областях. Только что опубликован его новый сборник стихов. После лекций было задано много вопросов. Эта проблема может быть очень легко решена.

Стоящие в скобках глаголы поставьте в Past Progressive Passive Voice, и
переведите предложения.

The new film (to show) on TV. The new sky-scraper (to make) of glass and steel. Russian language (to teach) in many countries.

Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки и поставив глаголы в Present
Perfect Active Voice. Переведите.

Образец выполнения: They (to build) a simple boiler. They have built a simple boiler. Они построили простой котел.

She (to tell) him about that. They (to pass) the exam in English. John (to return) from London this week. My mother (to go) to bed. He (to help) Peter do his homework. We (to be) busy this month. The students (to learn) the new rule. I

(to speak) to him. She (to make) this mistake before. The boy (to wake up). They (to have) a long walk today.

17. Перепишите и переведите предложения, раскрыв скобки и поставив
глаголы в Present Perfect Passive Voice.

Образец выполнения: Enough fuel (to supply)- Enough fuel has been supplied. Доставлено достаточно горючего.

This popular television program (to watch) by millions of people. The date of the meeting (to change). The cars produced in this factory (to export) to Italy. Many people (to arrest) at the demonstration. A tree (to blow) down in the storm. I (to ask) to help him.
Вариант 4

Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

What did Mendeleev discover?
What fields of science do his works embrace?

DMITRY MENDELEEV

1. D. 1. Mendeleev was born in 1834 at Tobolsk in the family of the director of the town gymnasium. He received his secondary education at Tobolsk and then entered the Petersburg Pedagogical Institute. After graduation he worked as a teacher for two years.

In 1859 he presented his thesis, received his master's degree and went abroad on a two-year scientific commission. Upon his return to Russia he was elected professor of the Petersburg University, where he carried on his scientific and pedagogical activity for 23 years.
In 1906 he issued a book under the title Contribution to the Knowledge of Russia which contained thoughts of the further development of Russian industry and economy. The greatest result of Mendeleev's creative effort was the discovery of the Periodic Table of Elements.
One of Mendeleev's prominent works is his book Principles of Chemistry in which inorganic chemistry was for the first time explained from the standpoint of the Periodic Law.
A great scientist, Mendeleev devoted his life and energies to the progress of his country. His works embrace various fields of science — chemistry, physics, physical chemistry, geophysics.

Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 2, 4.

Заполните пропуски соответствующей активной или пассивной формой глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык:

At first, the Periodic Law (was received, received) very coldly by other scientists,
In 1893 Mendeleev (was appointed, appointed) Director of the Bureau of Weights and Measures.
B. Franklin (was founded, founded) the first public library and the University of Pennsylvania.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты:

The year 1895 is considered to be the date of the invention of the radio.
We consider Mendeleev to be a great Russian scientist.
Manchester is known to be the centre of cotton industry.

5. Определите функции инфинитива и переведите предложения на русский язык:

At that time Newton began to think about construction of an astronomical telescope.
They made some experiments to prove their theory.
The procedure to be followed is described below.

Употребите глагол-сказуемое в будущем времени, используя эквиваленты модальных глаголов:
Не must illustrate this law by several experiments.

They may carry out these experiments at the laboratory.
She can study chemistry at the university.

7. Заполните пропуски неопределенными местоимениями some, any, no:

You must dissolve (some, any, no) salt in water.
Tsiolkovsky had (some, any, no) money to finance his experiments.

3. Did Tsiolkovsky make (some, any, no) experiments with the centrifuge?
8. а) Прочтите и переведите текст. Выполните задания, которые следуют за ним.

A dynamo is a machine which makes electricity when it is made to rotate at a high speed. It is often driven by a turbine, which may be made to rotate by steam pressure. This machinery is then called a turbo-generator. A building which houses a turbo-generator is called a power or generating station.

Most of the world's electricity for domestic and industrial use is made or generated in power stations.

б) Заполните пропуски соответствующей по смыслу активной или пассивной формой глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык:

The smallest piece of any substance (called, is called) an atom.
A molecule (made, is made) up of small particles called atoms.
We (use, are used) a lot of electrical devices at home.

в) Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты:

The atom is said to be neutral when the two charges are equal.
We believe him to be a good electrician.
Electric current is believed to be the flow of electrons.

г) Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

What is a dynamo?
What is a dynamo driven by?
What is a power station?

Where is most of the world's electricity generated?

9. Образуйте причастия I и II от данных ниже глаголов.

use, know, find, think, wear, work, carry. smoke,-teach

10. Стоящие в скобках глаголы замените в зависимости от смысла
предложения причастиями 1 и II. Переведите предложения письменно.

The children (to play) on the sand are my cousins. (To run) in to the house, the boy banged the door. Please, take away the (to break) cup. The girl stopped before the (to close) door. While (to travel) in Europe they visited Spain.

11. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present
Simple Passive Voice, и переведите их письменно.

The car (to drive) by John. The letters (to bring) by the postman. Many plays (to write) by Shakespeare. A bookshop (to close) very early. A child (to find) in the forest. Many questions (to ask) after meeting.

12. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Past
Simple Passive Voice, и переведите их письменно.

Many houses (to build) in our town. The boxes (to open) quickly. The coffee (to bring) into the room. This article (to translate) from Russian in to English.

13. Переведите письменно следующие предложения.

During the night we were all woken up by a loud explosion. A new ring-road is being built round the city. The date of the meeting has been changed. Look at

those old houses! They are being knocked down. She is liked by everybody. Have you ever been bitten by a dog? A tree was blown down in the storm.

14. Переведите на английский язык.

В каких странах изучается русский язык? Эта школа была построена в прошлом году. Возможно, статью переведут сегодня. Эта проблема может ' быть легко решена. Выступление молодого писателя было выслушано* с большим интересом. Я хочу остаться один. Его новая книга вероятно будет переведена на несколько иностранных языков,

Стоящие'в скобках глаголы поставьте в Past Progressive Passive Voice, и
переведите предложения.

The room (to clean) very thoroughly. We (to serve) in the shop. He (to follow) the whole night.

Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки и поставив глаголы в Present
Perfect Active Voice. Переведите.

Образец выполнения: They (to build) a simple boiler. They have built a simple boiler. Они построили простой котел.

Не (to be) to many foreign countries. We (to see) this new film. His friend (to translate) two English books into Russian. They (to send) us several telegrams lately. They (to have) a long walk today. John (to buy) this dictionary. Mary (to book) the tickets. You (to buy) a present for Lucy this morning. The expert group (to come) to the factory. The delegation (to. get) to the station on time. She (to type) the documents.

17. Перепишите и переведите предложения, раскрыв скобки и поставив
глаголы в Present Perfect Passive Voice.

Образец выполнения: Enough fuel (to supply). Enough fuel has been supplied. Доставлено достаточно горючего.

The new hotel (to open) in our town. I (to invite) to the party. Service (to include) in the bill. Three men (to arrest) by the police. My bag (to steal) in the shop. I (to accuse) of stealing the money.

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