* Слова, выделенные жирным шрифтом, перевести и выучить наизусть
9
y
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в
начале
слов
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в конце cлов без ударения
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yet, yell, 'lady, yes, yak, yelk, yeast, 'kitty, yam, yap, 'lazy, yen, 'needy, 'neatly, yelp, yelt, 'sticky, yipe, 'tiny, yock, yo, yode, 'fancy, yoke, yon, yond, yill, yin, 'fifty, yede, yegg, 'zany, yale, yap, 'easy, 'silly
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10
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ai, ay, ey
[eI]
mail grey
day
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pain, bey, vain, nail, day, lain, may, pay, say, hey, clay, aim, nay, mail, fail, sail, dey, bay, prey, lay, claim, plain, laid, grey, gay, gain, hay, hail, jail, Kay, lay, pray, play, ray, saint, Seine, tail,
запомните: key [kJ], aisle [QIl]
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[j]
yes,
yap
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[I]
silly,
daddy
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11
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sh [S]
shine
dish
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she, ship, shad, shunt, dish, shelf, shaggy, shell, crush, shake, sham, sheaf, cosh, shook, shame, shave, sheep, shine, fish, shop, clash, shape, shack, shiny, shock, shrug, shy, crash, dash
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12
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ch, tch [C]
cheap
match
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chime, chest, crutch, check, chafe, champ, crotch, chap, lynch, catch, clutch, chat, cheap, inch, aitch, chick, chide, chilly, ditch, china, stitch, choke, chum, cinch, match, Dutch
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13 th
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[T]
theme
в начале
и конце
знаменат.
слов;
|
[D]
this
в начале и конце служебн. слов и между гласными
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thick, three, breathe, cloth, clothe, thin, theme, depth, tenth, fifth, sixth, width, bathe, teeth, thane, thank, wi'thin, thatch, theft, thimble, think, thrash, three, bath, blithe, thrash, throne, thrice, myth, moth, kith, seethe, Smith
these, they, then, with, them, those, thus, this, that, the, than, their
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14
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w , wh
[w]
way
while
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wine, wide, will, win, well, wage, wig, wish, way, whine, whip, white, why, wheel, whale, when, which, whim, wheat, waist, waive, wade, waif, wail, wain, wait,
wake, weal, weave, web, wedge, wet, we, wave, wax, weak, weep, went, wept
запомните: w+ho-[h]-who[hu:], whose[hu:z], whole[houl], whom[hu:m]
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15 oo
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[H] food
[u]
foot
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soon, loop, spoon, tool, pool, too, zoo, bloom, bloop, boo, rood, boom, boon, tooth, boost, room, booze, hoof, coop, troop, croon, drool, droop, fool, foozle, gloom, food, choose, loose [lHs]
look, took, hook, brook, book, good, foot, crook
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16
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ore, or [L]
more nor
shore north
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cord, fork, score, port, sport, more, born, core, store, short, lore, sort, 'forty, fore, sore, horde, for, ex'plore, bore, shore, pore, chore, lord, pork, lorn, morn, morse, yore, York
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17
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открытый слог
are
[Fq]
mare
dare
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закрытый слог
ar [R]
car
large
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rare, hare, cart, hard, blare, bar, care, square, stare, large, flare, yard, share, spare, charm, harm, dark, star, bare, bard, scare, yarn
искл.: are [R]
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18
|
открытый слог
(y)ire [QIq]
tire
tyre
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закрытый cлог
(y)ir
[W]
firm
myrtle
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'tired, mire, shirt, sir, first, 'thirty, third, 'dirty, wire, lyre, skirt, hire, whirl, bird, tyre, birth, fire, fir, dire, gyre, ire
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19
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открытый слог
ure
[juq]
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закрытый слог
ur
[W]
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lure, burn, en'dure, se'cure, pure, turn, curl, hurt, turtle, spur, nurse, curd, curdle, burst, purse, fur, mure, lurch, church, cure
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20
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открытый слог
ere
[Iq]
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закрытый слог
er
[W]
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herd, sere, nerve, hers, here, term, serf, terse, serve, mere, sere, her, cere, fere, ferm, ferny, Bern, berth, mercy
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21
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в конце слов безуд.
-er, -or, ur ,-ar [q]
(как русская безударная “а”:в слове хата)
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'teacher, 'reader, 'member, 'doctor, 'actoг
polar, cinder, `number, sponsor, traitor, sensor, spider, collar
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22
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Неопределенный артикль и безударные гласные
[q]
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a book, a house, a boy, a pen, an end, an arm, a port, a term, an ox, a bit, an apple
a'ttend, 'pupal, 'factum, 'faggot, a'buse, 'contact, con'tact, `tyrant, data, ac'count, con'tract
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23
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ew [jH]
new
pew
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pew, mew, mewl, mews, new, news, newt, tew, dew, ewe, hew, hewn, few
'dewy, 'pewit, 'pewter, 'newel, 'newish, 'newly, 'Newton, 'ewer, 'fewer, 'fewest
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24
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qu [kw]+гласная в начале или
середине слова
quick
squeeze
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quest, quite, quill, quote, queen, quake, quack, quaky, quench, quiddle, quiet, quiz, quackle, queasy, quell, quern, quick, quid, quiff, quince, quod
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25
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igh [aI]
right
eigh [eI]
eight
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fight, light, might, night, sight, high, flight, 'frighten, bright, bight, blight, fright, lightish, mighty, nightly, right, rightist, slight, tight, wight
eight, eighty, eighteen, eighth, weight, neigh, neighbor, weigh, weigher, weighty
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26
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wa [wO]
want
war [wL]
warm
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was [z] , wash, wast, watch, wand, 'wander, 'wanton, want, waft, what, waff, wad, waddle, 'waddy, wabble, waffle, wan, 'washy, 'water, watt, wattle
warm, war, ward, re'ward, warn, warp, 'warper, wart
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27
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Буква а +nge, a+ste обычно имеет алфавитное чтение [eI].
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range, strange, a'rrange, change, ex'change, 'danger
taste, waste, haste
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28
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a [R] перед th
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[D] father, rather
[T] path, bath, lath, rath
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29
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ng [N] song
nk [Nk] link
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bang, ding, dung, pang, bank, wing, blank, thing, wink, fang, pink, tank, bong, bring, ink, sink, song, think, ankle, sing, ding-dong, dunk, funk, drink, long, lank, plank, morning, building, donkey, 'sitting, 'taking, bringing, 'singing,
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30
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o [A] перед m, n, th, v
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dove, some, won, front, month, come, love, glove, son, one /w/, once /w/, oven, other, 'mother, plover, 'wonder, 'brother, a`bove, 'comfort, other,'cover, 'company, coven, monkey
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31
s
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[s]
после глух.
согласных
и в начале
слова
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[z]
после
гласных
и звонк.
согласных
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sad, feeds, bells, sends, cats, lets, meets, sets, sat, bees, sleeps, spends, mends, sells, stops, is, pens, beds, plans, dolls, zest, test, sake, sand, stamps, sale, style, side, sin, less, mass, lass, miss, mess, ness, ass, kiss
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32
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аw; au [L]
shawl
be'cause
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аw, аu, law, bawbee, dawdle, fawn, hawk, mawkish, draw, paw, pawn, August prawn, taw, trawl, drawn paw, saw, raw, audio, audit, caw, gawp, auger, daw, dawn, 'saucer, cause, auk, 'aural, 'augur, 'audit, bauble, lawn, maw, daub, fawny, gawk, dauby, daunt, bawd, bawl, faucet, fault, faun, gaud, haw, gaunt, jaw, lawk, gauze
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cats
set
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tins
bees,
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33
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Гласные под ударением перед согласной + le читаются как в алфавите:
ta+ble, ti+tle, no+ble cy+cle
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cycle, table, stable, title, able, idle, maple, Bible, sable, stifle, trifle, ably, bridle, cable, fable, gable, noble, sidle
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34
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Гласные i, o перед nd, ld читаются как в алфавите:
ki+nd, mi+ld, o+ld
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kind, cold, mild, find, mind, old, bold, sold, told, bind, gold, fold, hold, blind
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35
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a [R]перед s+согл. (брит.)
([x] амер.)
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pass, class, task, fast, grass, grasp, last, vast, cast, hasp, hassle, past, rasp, 'raspy, 'vastly, 'nasty, glass, ask
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36
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a+lk [Lk] chalk, walk
a+ll [Ll] tall
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talk, walk, chalk, balk, balky
gall, hall, ball, fall, all, wall, call, pall, tall, mall
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37
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wr [r] в начале слов
|
write, wrist, wretch, wry, writ, wrap, wrong, wrack, wraith, wrangle, wreak, wreath, wreathe, wreck, wren, wrench, wrest, wrestle, wrick, wriggle, wright, wring, wrinkle, wrote
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38
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kn [n] в начале слов
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knew, knit, knell, knife, knight, knack, knag, knap, knar, knave, knead, knee, knick-knack, knob, knock, knot, knuckle, knur, knurl
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39
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w+ or
[wW]work
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word, worse, world, worst, 'worship, 'network, worth, 'worthy, worm, 'worsen, wort, `wordy, work, `working, `worldly, `wormy, `subword
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40
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ear
[Iq]
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еar+согл.
[W]
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'early, earth, learn, earn, ear, hear, near, fear, year, dear, earl, clear, blear, bleary, g[g]ear, earthly, heard, pearl, rear,
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fear
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earl
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41
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air [Fq] на конце слова
air+гласн. [FqrI]
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air, chair, fair, hair, lair, pair, bairn, braird
'dairy, fairy, fairly, Nairn, prairie,
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42
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ei , ie [J]
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'ceiling, seize,, re'ceive, de'ceive, bein, niece, field, piece, priest, chief, brief, briefly, mien, kief, fief, thief
искл.: friend [frend], leisure ['leZq]
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43
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ow, ou [aV]
town
out
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down, gown, brown, how, bow, row, bow-wow, now, owl, brow, browse, cow, crowd, crown, mow, pow, powder, power, vow, vowel, towel, tower
loud, round, a'bout, a'mount, foul, found, bounce, bound, bounty, bout, couch, council, count, douse, fount, gouge, gout, house, mouse, mouth, blouse, noun
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44
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oa, ow [qV]
slow
boat
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[ou] slow, low, row, snow, bow, yellow, own, bowl, owe, crow, mow, tow, trow, throw, thrower, grow, grown, growth, blow
boat, load, road, soap, throat, coast, boast, broach, bloat, coat, coach, coal, coax, cloak, foam, foal, goal, goat, gloat, groan, poach, throat
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45
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[H]ou, ue, u в открытом слоге, ui
[V] u в закрытом слоге
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[u:] soup, group, ouzel, route, cougar, coupon, foumart, Louis[lHI], loup
[u:]true, rude, fruit, blue, brute, glue, rule, suit
[u] pull, full, bush, push, bull, put
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46
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ou [A]
ou+gh [Af]
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couple, young, 'country, trouble, couplet, courage, cousin, double, Douglas, flourish
rough, e'nough, tough
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47
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e [I]в безударном положении в начале и конце слов (классический вариант, е [q]в современном варианте)
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e'lect, en'joy, 'goodness, de'ny, 'pocket, re'peat, re'sult, ec'lipse, ef'face, ef'fect, e'ject, e'leven, e'lope, em'bark, em'battle, em'bay, em'boss, e'mit, em'ploy, en'able, en'rich, re'quest, be'dim, be'come, be'fore, be'half, be'hind, be'hold, be'long, be'low, be'neath, be'sides, be'tray, be'yond
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48
x
|
[gz]
перед
ударной
гласной
|
[ks]
в остальн.
случаях
|
e'xist, e'xact, e'xempt, e'xult, e'xude, e`xam, e`xert, e`xotic
box, next, ex'cept, ex'pect, wax, 'excellent, six, fix, tax, ex'ceed, ex'cel, ex'change, ex'claim, 'exile, ex'pand, ex'pence, ex'plain, fax, oxen, ax, exit
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e'xam
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text
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49
|
ea [e]
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dead, bread, deaf, 'ready, 'heavy, meant, dread, in1stead, spread, ‘steady, ‘deadlock
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50
|
oor_____[L]___our
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door, floor, your, four, pour
запомните: our [aVq]
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51
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В словах греческого и латинского. происхождения.ch [k]
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chrome, chord, chordal, cho'ristic character, `echo, 'epoch, hi-tech, 'technical, 'architect
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52
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В словах греческого и латинского происхождения ph [f]
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photo, phone, phrase, physics, phantom, 'pharmacy, phase, `phasic, `phial, phlox, phosphor, photon, typhus
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53
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ture [Cq]
tur - между гласными [C(q)r]
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'nature, 'future, ' structure, 'picture, lecture
'natural, 'structural
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54
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sure [Zq]
ea [e] перед sure
ssure [Sq]
|
pleasure, measure, treasure
pressure
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