Программа по формированию навыков безопасного поведения на дорогах и улицах «Добрая дорога детства» 2
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MODALS
1.Can it be that late? 2. Shall we start tomorrow? 3. Must I read aloud? 4. Lessons can be very tiresome. 5. What am I to do? 6. He may not know that. 7. I couldn’t help cribbing. 8. Come what may. 9. You must come and see us. 10. A chair is to sit on. 11. The 3.10 must have left. 12. Boys will be boys. 13. You can’t have been sleeping. 14. You should have heard that! 15. You might have told your parents. 16. You must be joking. 17. You shall regret this. 18. How should I know? 19. It might have been run over. 20. They shouldn’t have been left alone.
31. may come a) moral duty 32. was able to come b) sheer waste 33. can’t have come c) lack of obligation 34. should have come d) just a chance 35. should have come e) probability 36. shouldn’t have come f) a good thing to do 37. must come g) past achievement 38. must be coming h) the wrong thing done 39. needn’t have come i) reproach 40. didn’t have to come j) disbelief
41. You ___ have rubbed off the mistake. Hoe can we correct it now? a) mustn’t b) might not c) needn’t d) shouldn’t 42. She just ___ obey me! And I’m much older. a) won’t b) needn’t c) mustn’t d) want 43. You ___ have bought a return ticket. It’s cheaper that way. a) would b) must c) ought d) should 44. You ___ all to be at work by nine. a) should b) are c) must d) have 45. They opened the door at once, we ___ to knock again. a) needn’t b) hadn’t to c) were not to d) didn’t have to 46. ___ I speak to the manager, please? a) Shall b) Would c) Can d) Could 47. You ___ have bought such expensive flowers, but it was very kind of you. a) needn’t b) shouldn’t c) couldn’t d) mightn’t 48. The child ___ be very naughty, sometimes I hardly manage. a) must b) can c) mustn’t d) can’t 49. You ___ take my car! I’ve told you not to. a) wouldn’t b) shall c) shouldn’t d) will 50. The exam was really difficult, but I ___ answer all the questions. a) couldn’t b) was able c) could d) was able to IV. Choose the correct variant, matching the Russian sentence and the modal combination, rending its meaning in English. 51. Рейс, возможно, отменят. a) can’t have been 52. Не может быть, что рейс отменили. b) should have been 53. Может, рейс отменили. c) had to be 54. Рейс можно было бы и отменить. d) is sure to be 55. Зря рейс не отменили. e) may be 56. Нельзя было отменять рейс. f) may have been 57. Рейс пришлось отменить. g) must have been 58. Рейс, похоже, отменят. h) is likely to be 59. Рейс, наверняка, отменят. i) shouldn’t have been 60. Рейс, наверняка, отменили. j) could have been V. Correct the mistakes if any. 61. They’ll able to pass the exam. 62. You mustn’t stand up, it isn’t necessary. 63. The old ought be respected and loved. 64. She had to move the furniture herself, hadn’t she? 65. Can she has failed again? 66. Mother could come home early yesterday, we were all very glad. 67. You need to have your hair cut. 68.You mustn’t have taken your father’s car. 69. Shall we start? – Yes, you shall. 70. Need we to get up so early? 71. She had to come at five, but she was busy. 72. Had they really to be so rude after all? 73. You needn’t to rewrite the composition, it’s neat enough. 74. Could you explain the rule again, please? – Of course, I could. 75. May you tell me how to get to the bank? 76. It’s 9 o’clock and Alice is still out. She must have come home already, she knows we are waiting. 77. Could we have met before? Your face looks vaguely familiar. 78. She had to do it in writing, but she did it orally. 79. You might tell me about it yesterday. 80. He said we must keep quiet. 81. He should contact us, if his plans changed. 82. You might at least offered your help yesterday. 83. She should have told everything, she had the right to know. 84. Mother could have come early yesterday. We needed her and we were upset that she didn’t. 85. The sea can be rough tomorrow. 86. You should call your parents as soon as you learned the results. 87. You must read the wrong text, we are on the next page already. 88. You should see her in her youth! 89. Can they still have dinner? 90. John must be arrested, or Mary wouldn’t be crying. 91. You must not have understood me. 92. You mustn’t have knocked twice, I was already unlocking the door. 93. They might have never met before. 94. How often did you have to copy in your life? 95. Don’t be naughty, will you? VI. Insert suitable modals or their equivalents. Notional verbs are necessary too in some cases. 96. There was a lot of food in the fridge, so I ___ go shopping and stayed at home. 97. Though there were queues in the booking-office, we ___ buy the tickets in time. 98. You ___ the floor. Did you forget we were going to move the furniture? 99. You ___ your homework yesterday, then there would be no need to worry now. 100. Jim has bought a very expensive car, he ___ very rich. 101. Though he felt unwell, he ___ finish the report because Monday was the deadline. 102. You ___ my telephone number, I just don’t believe you, it was in your notebook. 103. She ___ asleep already. She sometimes goes to bed quite early. 104. I was worrying, though sometimes awful ___ because you were awfully late. 105. Did you believe her?! She tells a lie now and then, she ___ lying that time as well. VII. Complete the sentences. 106. Students need to ___ 107. Students must ___ 108. Students have to ___ 109. Students don’t have to ___ 110. Students can ___ 111. Students can’t ___ 112. Students may ___ 113. Students might ___ 114. Some students just won’t ___ 115. All students are to ___ 116. Yesterday he could ___ 117. Some young parents need ___ 118. It’s late. Why should I ___ 119. You were free that day. You could ___ 120. The food was free, you needn’t ___ 121. We can’t come in, the door won’t ___ 122. Look at the clouds, it may ___ 123. Look at the clouds, it can’t ___ 124. Listen to the noise coming from upstairs. They must ___ 125. I was ill last week. You might ___ 126. You never look at the traffic lights. You may ___ 127. You knew a lot at school. Your teachers must ___ 128. We have enough textbooks. Do you need ___ 129. The test was easy. There shouldn’t ___ 130. John always comes in time. If he is late now, something ___ 131. I told them the truth, they just wouldn’t ___ 132. My pen won’t write. Could ___ 133. She is crying. You shouldn’t ___ 134. She is crying. Could he ___ VIII. Restore the sentences. Make sure there is a modal verb in each of them. 135. can’t/ already 136. can/ tomorrow 137. should/ last week 138. shouldn’t/ right now 139. must/ the other day 140. had to/ next day 141. need/ last year 142. needn’t/ yesterday 143. might/ before 144. could/ in advance 145. won’t/ smoking IX. Translate into English, using modal verbs. 146. Любой может тебе помочь. 147. Осторожно, он может тебе не помочь. 148. Может, она и поможет тебе. 149. Я не смогу тебе помочь. 150. Я могу тебе завтра помочь. 151. Они не смогли мне помочь. 152. Ему никто не может помочь. 153. Вы не могли бы мне помочь? 154. Я мог бы вам помочь. 155. Мы не могли ему помочь. 156. Я раньше умел помогать людям. 157. Не может быть, что он тебе помог. 158. Неужели они тебе помогли? 159. Они смогли мне помочь. 160. Неужели он вам уже помогает? 161. Неужели он вам уже давно помогает? 162. Мог бы мне помогать почаще. 163. Не может быть, что он тебе сейчас помогает. 164. Что ж ты мне не помог! 165. Возможно, они ему уже помогли. 166. Ты обязан им помочь. 167. Надо им помогать? – Нет, не надо. 168. Нельзя ему помогать! 169. Приходите, приходите обязательно и помогите ему. 170. Придется им помочь. 171. Старшим положено помогать новичкам. 172. Почему им пришлось тебе помогать? 173. Нам следует им помочь. 174. Ему приходится тебе помогать, да? 175. Помочь тебе? 176. Я должен был ему вчера помочь, но не смог. 177. Должно быть, он им уже помогает. 178. Должно быть, он им уже помог. 179. Видно, им все время помогали. 180. Как часто тебе приходилось кому-то помогать? 181. Кто знал, что мне суждено ему помогать всю жизнь. 182. Надо было тебе им помочь, что ж ты! 183. Он никак не хочет никому помогать, и все тут! 184. Зря мы им помогали все это время. 185. Он может заболеть. 186. Он может и не заболеть. 187. Он, может быть, болен. 188. Он, может, заболел. 189. Он,может, заболевает. 190. Он, видно, заболевает. 191. Должно быть, он заболел. 192. Неужели он заболевает? 193. Не мог он заболеть! 194. Тебе обязательно надо вылечиться. 195. Тебе обязательно надо заболеть перед моим днем рождения! 196. Та мог бы мне сказать, что он заболел! 197. Откуда мне знать, что он заболел? 198. Он, должно быть, все это время принимал лекарства. 199. Он никак не хочет принимать лекарства. 200. Он смог выздороветь. 201. Он мог бы выздороветь, но не принимал лекарства. 202. Он, похоже, выздоровеет. 203. Он, наверняка, выздоровеет. 204. Может он выздороветь? 205. Как долго ему пришлось принимать лекарства? 206. Кто по положению должен пересдавать экзамен? 207. Когда вы должны были сдавать экзамен? 208. Не может быть, что никто не сдал экзамен. 209. Не может быть, что они все еще пишут тест. 210. Некоторые студенты никак не делают домашнюю работу. NON-FINITE FORMS I. Complete, using verbals. 1. Parents sometimes catch their children… 2. Wives seldom wait for their husbands… 3. In class it’s no good … 4. Most of our chairs need… 5.I often hear teachers… 6. If you don’t know the answer, you’d better not… 7. It’s difficult to get a pupil … II. Transform the sentences, using the words given after the sentence and persevering the meaning. 8. How would you like it, if I open the window? MIND 9. I usually work lone, it is already a sort of habit. USED 10. He is so lazy that he doesn’t attend classes. TOO 11. Smoking is forbidden in the college. THERE 12. If you don’t pay your fare, you can’t travel by train. PAYING 13. He studies hard, but gets bad marks. SPITE 14. The doctor insists that the medicine should be taken 3 times a day. ON 15. His words caused everybody’s laughter. III. Translate into English, using verbals. 16. Нельзя винить других в том, что они не смогли тебе помочь. 17.Он никогда не делает домашнюю работу, если только его не заставить. 18. Можно уйти из университета так, чтобы никто не увидел? 19. Все, чего хотят родители, это чтобы мы были счастливы. 20. Здесь не разрешается ходить по траве. 21. Помню, что меня уже об этом спрашивали. 22. Обиженная, она расплакалась и чувствовала, что на нее все смотрят. 3 КУРС КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 1 Unit 1. Introduction to Structures and Functions. I. Find the parts which are interdependent and can be treated as the subject and the predicate. Write them down. 1. Seven cannot be divided by two. 2. To understand doesn’t always mean to forgive. 3. You do look smart! 4. The old need care. 5. Who’s missing? 6. His coming back made little difference. 7. Something should be done about it. 8. The chemist’s is just round the corner. 9. “Because” is a conjunction. 10. There’s no running water here. 11. It’s rather cold, isn’t it? 12. It’s none of your business what I’m going to do next. II. Learn to distinguish interdependence, subordination and coordination. Do the exercise in writing. 1. Can you ski or skate? 2. What time would you like to have dinner? 3. When he finished reading the letter, he looked up. 4. It was late, so we stayed at home. 5. She knew how to attack. 6. I usually check everything, just for safety’s sake. 7. Either you stop shouting, or I’ll have to punish you. 8. I’ve got the key in case we want to go inside. 9. Have you ever heard him shout at people? 10. That time they moved to Australia. 11. The only trouble was the shoes were tight. 12. He was only a boy then, yet he was not afraid. III. Spot simple, semi-complex, complex and compound sentences. 1. She believed him to be an honest man. 2. I don’t want him to be punished. 3. Teachers insist on our doing homework every day. 4. They protested but obeyed. 5. He could feel the dog leaning against his leg. 6. When embarrassed, she flushed. 7. We walked along the street, then we turned back. 8. We watched him searching the flat. 9. It’s necessary that everyone should participate. 10. A lot depends on it whether you do everything in time. 11. Study hard, or you may fail. 12. Take these pills, and you will feel better. IV. Insert a suitable conjunction. 1. It wasn’t really warm, ___ was it cold. 2. ___ did they let us down, ___ they ___ joined the competing firm afterwards. 3. The sun is shining, ___ it’s cool. 4. Something is wrong with the plan itself, ___ we would be making profits already. 5. Everybody seems to have arrived, ___ they’re waiting for somebody and don’t start. 6. ___ the heels are too high, ___ she doesn’t know how to wear such shoes. 7. ___ was the sum sufficient, ___ were they experienced enough. 8. The examiner was too demanding, ___ most students passed with great difficulty. 9. I was lucky with the examination card, ___ she gave me only a “four”. 10. The compositions was written in a hurry, ___ she wouldn’t have made so many mistakes. V. Complete to produce a compound sentence. 1. I am tired, so ___. 2. Teachers have to work hard, therefore ___. 3. Father cooks very well, yet ___. 4. Women spend too much money, or ___. 5. Either you wash up, or ___. 6. My parents are far from rich, and still ___. 7. I left the house early today, however ___. 8. The teacher explains everything in detail, but ___. 9. After a run I’m out of breath, nor ___. 10. I’m nearly twenty, and ___. 11. Rich people are sometimes unhappy, nevertheless ___. 12. I have no degree yet, otherwise ___. 13. Not only do some men earn little, but ___. 14. The chairs need mending, yet ___. 15. It’s a lovely day, or else ___. 16. Never start a quarrel, then ___. 17. Travelling abroad is expensive, therefore ___. 18. Either the cassette recorder is faulty, ___. 19. Neither do I enjoy dining out, nor ___. 20. There’s no smoking in planes. However, ___. VI Translate into English.
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