Дисциплина Иностранный язык

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Название	Дисциплина Иностранный язык
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Дата публикации	06.07.2014
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№1 Поставьтеглаголto beвнужнуюформу (Present Simple, Past simple, Future Simple). Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык:

There …… not any bread in the house. You should go and buy some.
Vera …… afraid of snakes. I …… sorry.
My aunt …… very depressed last Sunday, because the weather ……. terrible.
Where …… your books now? – They ……. in my bag.
…… you from Moscow? – No, I …… from Tomsk.
…… there any milk in the jug? Should I go and buy some?

№2 Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя притяжательный падеж (PossessiveCase). Перепишите преобразованные предложения и переведите предложения на русский язык:

The life of this woman.
The sculpture of these students is interesting.
The handbags of these women.
The flat of my sister is large.
The computer of my son is modern.
Have you seen the hat of my neighbour?
I love the books of my husband.
What is the name of that man?

№3 Раскройтескобки, поставьтеглаголывнужномвремени(Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Future Simple, Future Continuous), перепишите и переведитепредложениянарусскийязык:

When he (to watch) TV, the telephone (to ring).
I (to get hungry). Let’s go and eat.
When I (to be) young I (to want) to be a pilot.
In an hour the cinema (to be) full. Everyone (to watch) the film.
Last night I (to drop) a plate when I (to do) the washing.
Alan says he’s 80 years old, but nobody (to believe) him.
Nick (to think) of giving up his job.
Who this umbrella (to belong)?
I (to stay) at home till she (to come). Then we (to go) to the theatre if she (to bring) tickets.
Look! Kate (to go) to the Opera House.

№4 Закончите предложение, выбрав нужную часть речи: прилагательное (Adjective) или наречие (Adverb). Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык:

I cooked this meal …… for you, so I hope you like it. (special / specially)
Everything was very quiet. There was …… silence. (complete / completely)
I tried on the shoes and they fitted me ……. . (perfect / perfectly)
Do you usually feel …… before examinations? (nervous / nervously)
I’d like to buy a car, but it’s ……. impossible for me at the moment. (financial / financially)

№5Выберитеправильныйвариант, перепишитепредложения, переведитеихнарусскийязык:Укажитеграмматическоевремя, котороевывыберите(Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous; Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous; Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect Continuous):

1 I …… the river three times before noon. (It’s morning now.)	1	a) have crossed b) had crossed	c) will have crossed d) had been crossed
2 You can’t see Tom now, he …… a bath.	2	a) is having b) has	c) have d) has had
3 Many people …… he was the greatest figure skater of all time.	3	a) is believing b) are believing	c) believe d) believed
4 The manager ……. a few minutes ago.	4	a) left b) leaves	c) had left d) had been leaving
5 He phoned to say he …… his bag in my car.	5	a) forgot b) has left	c) had left d) has forgotten
6 Nobody knows when it last …… in Shri-Lanka.	6	a) has snowed b) snowed	c) is snowing d) will snow
7 …… there any news in your parent’s letter?	7	a) Are b) Were	c) Have d) Is
8 Alandscapist is someone who …… landscapes.	8	a) paints b) paint	c) is painting d) are painting
9 She is in the library and she ……. an article from English.	9	a) is translating b) has been translating	c) has translated d) translated
10 I …… to talk to you now.	10	a) wanted b) am wanted	c) have wanted d) want

№6 а) Вставьте недостающие формы степеней сравнения прилагательных в таблицу: сравнительную (Comparative Degree), превосходную (Superlative Degree) илиположительную (Positive Degree)степенисравнения. Исправьте ошибки в образовании степеней сравнения и переведите прилагательные на русский язык:

dangerous
	more young
lazy		lazyest
		the least
	warmer	the most warm
good		the goodest
intelligent
	more popular
		heaviest
	worse	the worst

b) Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:

This girl was as good-looking as her sister.
The harder you work the more money you get.
Nick’s English is not so good as his friend’s.
Nevsky Prospect is much more beautiful than our street.
It is easier to swim in the sea than in the river.
He is as experienced a sculptor as his master.

№7 Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число и переведите предложения на русский язык:

This is a lady.
This is not a mountain.
It’s an ear-ring.
Is that a goose?
This phone in the Dean’s office was out of order.
That boy has a good sense of humour.
The wolf has been shot.
A potato is a vegetable and a water-melon is a berry.
The young man put his hand in his pocket.
She will be a businesswoman.

Дополнительные тексты для чтения

QuickHistoryofArt

Before the portrayal of the human body can be critiqued, you must understand the artist's culture. As man evolved over centuries, his views of the body also transformed. Our tour definitely showed the drastic changes in different cultures' art. Each culture and era presents very distinct characteristics. Through time and experimentation, we have expressed our views of the human body clearly with our art.

Egyptians were the first people to make a large impact on the world of art. Egyptians needed art for their religious beliefs more than decoration or self-gratification. The most important aspect of Egyptian life is the ka, the part of the human spirit that lives on after death. The ka needed a physical place to occupy or it would disappear. Most of the important men of Egypt paid to have their body carved out of stone. That was were the spirit would live after the man dies. They used stone because it was the strongest material they could find. Longevity was very important. The bodies are always idealized and clothed. Figures are very rigid, close-fisted, and are built on a vertical axis to show that the person is grand or intimidating. Most of the figures were seen in the same: profile of the legs, frontal view of the torso, and profile of the head. Like most civilizations, Egyptians put a lot of faith in gods. The sky god Horus, a bird, is found in a great amount of Egyptian art. Little recognition was ever given to the artists. The emphasis was on the patron.

Early Greek art was greatly influenced by the Egyptians. Geography permitted both cultures to exchange their talents. The beginning of Greek art is marked by the Geometric phase. The most common art during the Geometric phase was vase painting. After the vase was formed but before it was painted, the artist applied a slip (dark pigment) to outside. Then the vase was fired and the artist would incise his decorations into the hard shell. It was important to incise humans into the fired slip and not paint with slip. The people in the pictures needed light colored skin, which was the color beneath the slip, because Greeks wanted to make their art as realistic as possible. Much like Egyptian art, the Greeks idealized the bodies of the people in their works. As the Archaic Period evolved, Greek sculptures were almost identical to the Egyptians'. Unlike Egyptians, the Greeks refined their techniques. Greeks used marble to construct their sculptures. It was considered more valuable and beautiful than any material available. They softened the lines of the body. Greek sculptors slowly perfected every contour in the human figure. Greek people viewed the human body as something beautiful and so they depicted nude men. Women were eventually nude but only when there was a reason, they needed to be bathing or something where they would be naked. They people that are sculpted are always young and their bodies are still idealized. The Greeks invented contrapposto, the relaxed natural stance of a sculpture. A figure that is standing in contrapposto becomes a sculpture in the round, meaning that the emphasis is not only on a frontal view but also from all angles. The Hellenistic Period emerged as the Romans began to produce some of the finest art in history. This new revolutionary style was incredible. Figures weren't confined to the unnatural or boring positions they had for centuries. All body parts were in perfect proportion. These statues came alive as their limbs reached out into space. Vacant stares evolved into human emotions, which were easily recognized on their faces. I think this renaissance portrayed the way people were thinking. They were exploring philosophy, religion, and politics. This was a time for rebirth.

Christian art was introduced during the middle of the second century. In many cases the only difference between Christian art and Hellenistic art is the religious subject matter. After a slow start the Christians introduced something new, the mosaic. Mosaics became a favorite medium for decorating churches. Man was viewed in religious scenes due to the spread of Christianity.

Byzantine and medieval art was very representative. The artists' ability to produce lifelike figures had regressed. The emphasis was not on man anymore. Their art was made to glorify God.

The fifteenth century marked the arrival of the Renaissance. Artists have finally recaptured the amazing detail and realism that the Greeks and Romans perfected. Artists pushed the limits with new exciting mediums and bright colors. Filippo Brunelleschi, allowed artists to determine the relative size of each figure by inventing the vanishing point perspective. With that tool it was possible to put everything in perfect proportion. Humans were not always idealized as they were in earlier centuries. Many elderly people are found in the paintings.

Neoclassical paintings commonly showed contemporary garments and scenes. History painting became very popular. A larger transition was made when color was used to set a mood or express inner feelings. Nothing like this had ever been considered. Man viewed his experiences as important stepping stones. To assure that experiences aren't forgotten they were preserved in artworks. Humans are often used in modern art. Although the people may appear very large or important, they are usually just vehicles used to convey a message to the audience. In Segal's Red Light, we saw a man walking alone in front of n old truck. The man was not colored at all. He seemed to be sauntering across a street at night. A feeling of depression or sadness surrounds the man. The human is not important but the emotion is. Most of the modern art uses the human body to portray a feeling or emotion. Rarely will you find any new art that displays a humans because they extraordinary. Romantic landscaping is incredible. The idea of most of these pieces is to show how insignificant man is. Before humans were always the center of attention but now here they are almost trivial. Artists like Thomas Cole show us what is pure and simple. The paintings use a lot of color to create very natural, unaffected scenes. It seems that we come upon these landscapes almost by accident. They depict ideal settings that are unscathed by the injustices of the world. In my opinion, the beauty of these works is unsurpassed by any other art. Through the ages each culture had its own interpretation of what the human body means. I have briefly explained a few of the broadest views of the human body. In order to explain one in great detail would take volumes. I thoroughly enjoyed Mona's tour of the museum and I hope to see her there again.

Renaissance Art

Architecture of the Renaissance reflects the earlier works of the Roman, Byzantines, Moslems, and many other civilizations. The S. Pietro No. 1 was begun in 1564 and was designed by Michelangelo Buonarroti, and Carlo Maderna. Many components of this structure reflect their foreign influences. The large, ominous dome along with the two smaller, less intimidating ones confirm the Byzantine style had entered the Renaissance. Grand, elaborate columns demonstrate Roman and Greek style of temples. An ornamental faзade decorates the entrance to the palace and represents more Roman culture. Throughout the building, high arches form the doorways. In the side view, they are evident on the smaller dome, also. Again, Roman culture has proven to have infiltrated the Renaissance style. Sculptured shells adorn the larger dome, and a stone mullion made of two columns and a stone vertical bar separates each window, two structures also found on the Pantheon. All of these elements combine to form this magnificent representation of Renaissance architecture.

Much of the Renaissance literature had its basis in Greek lyrics. Originally, the poems of the Renaissance were written in Provenзal dialect, which is a combination of French and Italian. Many poems praised women, spoke of love, and referred to God and other deities. Several authors of this time were humanists. One said to be so was Francesco Petrarch. In his Sonnet 3, he tells the tale of his love having been taken from him by the plague. In the beginning, he refers to God as being the "Maker." He goes on to tell how he fell in love with a woman without even thinking that anything could go foul. When she dies of the plague, he begins to show his human feelings of pain of having his only love torn from his grasp. He makes an allusion to cupid when he speaks of the shaft that kills, being cupid's arrow. That line showed his humanistic frustration by referring to falling in love as being murderous. Though it is a tragic poem, Petrarch's work provides an excellent example of the literature characteristics of the Renaissance.

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