Программа по формированию навыков безопасного поведения на дорогах и улицах «Добрая дорога детства» 2
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BRINING UP CHILDRENI. Match column A to column B. A B 1. to bring up children a) to keep away from general remarks (stupid, silly etc) about a child’s personality 2. to let steam off b) to raise 3. not to label children c) to impose your views on a child 4. to be authoritarian d) to scream and yell at a child 5. to tell a child off e) to reprimand 6. to feat the daylight out of a child f) to shake the life out of a child II. Give opposite of the following: 1) an atmosphere of calm and quit 2) to have full faith in a child 3) to be firm with children 4) to lose one's temper 5) to spank III. Odd out which is not referred to punishmentto lock children up, to tell off, Rave Admonition and warnings, corporal punishment, to encourage children, to ignore children, to work out schemes of revenge. IV. Complete the following:
2. Excessive permissiveness on the part of parents is … 3. My parents are always saying «No» to what ever I want to do. They are real … 4. If you go on behaving like this, I'll … 5. Please, keep your anger … 6. Look! Boris has become absolutely… 7. My little son is so curious that he never plays with his toys. He just taken them … 8. I was brought up in … 9. Parents' extreme permissiveness often results in juvinile … 10. Ann's parents are not able to give a realistic picture of her accomplishments. They are always praising her out … V. Fill in the gaps with the words that follow the text: A government (1)… on the increase in crime among (2)… has made (3)… to schools and parents to (4)… supervise children more (5)… , especially during holidays and after school. The report suggests that many children are left to their own (6)… at these times and some find themselves (7)… in illegal or (8)… activities. It recently came to light that a group of children from a (9)… school had tied up a seven-year-old boy in his bedroom and proceeded to rob the house. The report also recommends that it is time (10)… got tough with the parents of youngsters who break the law. primary, report, devices, supervise, police, involved, recommendations, carefully, dangerous, juvenies. VI. Translate into English: 1. Считается, что в наше время родители слишком много позволяют своим детям. 2. Они слишком захваливают своих детей, идеализируют их. 3. Эта чрезмерная вседозволенность оказывает пагубное влияние на детей. 4. Распространение детской преступности имеет место в основном благодаря тому, что родители не контролируют своих детей, полностью доверяя им во всем. 5. Многие родители считают, что нельзя навязывать детям свои взгляды, поэтому они не учат их вежливости, пунктуальности, искусству жить в коллективе. VII. Write an essay on one of the topics: 1) Parents are to permissive nowadays. 2) Bringing up children is not only don'ts 3) To the average child parents are kill-joys. 4) Computers will never replace real teachers. 5TH YEAR TEST 1 HEALTH
Extract 1. Cyclists are not only healthy – they’re smart. Bike riding is one of the most efficient ways of getting about. When comparing the energy expended with speed and distance covered , even the rustiest two-wheeler outstrips the hummingbird ( a small bird whose wings beat very fast and make a humming sound ), cheetah ( an African animal of the large cat family; the fastest mammal on land ) and jambo jet. There are an estimated 14 mln bikes in Britain – with 5 mln of them gathering dust in garages. A pity, because bicycles are 50 versatile; as transport or for simple pleasure. While getting you to work, a bicycle also gets you fit. For every half hour’s pedalling, a 150lb person burns up 300 calories. The heart, lungs, back and leg muscles are strengthened – all while sitting down. Because the bodyweight is supported, cycling is effective exercise. Extract 2. If you’re feeling rather under the weather at the moment, a trifle sluggish, here’s an opportunity to do something about it. A regular stint on our super Fitness Cycle will make all the difference, make you feel on top of the world. And you don’t have to ride round the draughty streets at some unearthly hour when you know your friends and neighbours will not be about. For you may do the necessary in the privacy of your own home. Thy Cycle is full size, the seat and handlebars are adjustable. It’s tough enough to take the weight of a hefty fellow and it folds up neatly and slimply to be stored. Just think of the benefits. Your muscles will be toned up – not filled our, no worry about that. Your arms and legs become firmer, so does your tummy, thighs and hips. Extract 3. Cycling, like any regular exercise, makes you fitter – end even half an hour a day slowly but inexorably slims you, even if you don’t or won’t diet. But the doubters say that for town cyclists he health benefits are outweighed by the damage caused by the polluted air of the cities. As the cyclists, the damage will be that much more. Or so the argument goes. An article by Dr. R.Williams in The British Medical Journal dispels the theory. He measured the concentration of carbon monoxide in the bloodstream; on a calm day the percentage was a trivial 0,5. People living in the Outer Herbride, have shown as much. (From Focus on Proficiency by Sue O’Connell). II. Look at the extracts, and find words or phrases which mean the same as:
Write the correct statements
LEISURE I. Read and translate the text. Recreation American Style. A hobby as we understand it is something that a person does alone. But American (and British) families sometimes like to do things together too. American families often have quite a lot of money to spend on their recreation. They can all enjoy their holiday home or their boat somewhere in the country away from home. Americans love to get out of town into the wild, and many go for holidays or long weekends into the thirty-five fabulous national parks. These magnificent areas of countryside include tropical forests, high mountains, dry deserts, long sandy coasts, grassy prairies and wooded mountains full of wild animals. The idea of there parks which cover 1% of the whole area of the USA, is to make a “great breathing place for the national lungs”, and to keep different parts of the land as they were before men arrived. These are camping places in the national parks as well as museums, boat trips and evening campfire meetings. Americans really enjoy new “gatgets”, especially new ways of travelling. In winter the woods are full of “snowmobiles” (cars with skis is in the front). In summer they ride their “dune buggies” across the sands or take to the sky in hand gliders. But Americans do not only spend their free time having fun. They are very interested in culture too. Millions take part- time courses in writing, painting and music, and at the weekends, the museums, art galleries and concert halls are full. Some people have a short holiday in winter or spring. If they can afford it they go abroad, to sunny Italy, Spain or Greece. In the States the School Summer holidays are longer than in Britain (nearly three months in the States, six or seven weeks in Britain). American families often go out of town to the country for the hot summer months. Many fathers stay at work in the cities and visit their families at weekends. Some people when on holiday like just sitting in the sun, but others want a bit more. “Special interest” holidays are very popular, and you can find a hundred interesting things to do in Britain and in the USA for a week or two. In winter there are hundreds of ski resorts in the mountains of the USA, the Rockies, the Sierra Nevada and the Appalachians. You can ski in Britain too. If you prefer to be less energetic try a painting holiday, or a musical holiday, or even a computer holiday. You get some hours of teaching every day, meet other people who share your special interest, and have time to relax as well in a pleasant country hotel or college campus. (From “Welcome to Great Britain and the USA”). II. Write a composition on one of the following topics.
III. Read and translate the text. How to Beat Holiday Stress. Words ‘Sunshine’ and ‘Holiday’ may sound like the ideal cure for all your ills, thinks Shirley Davenport. But at the same time she is sure that holidays can also be a source of stress – and that can affect your health. Stress is now a major health issue. If left unchecked, stress can lead to illnesses, which affect physical fitness, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and severe aches and pains, particularly neck- and backache. Yet although work is frequently cited as the main cause, holiday stress can be even more damaging. The traditional summer break, regarded by most people as the highlight of their year, can actually undermine health and put pressure on family relations. Instead of tackling the problems before they go away, a lot of people believe a holiday will work magic for them. But holidays are spent in strange places where it may be difficult for tense people to relax. They may feel even more disturbed if they get the idea that others are having a more wonderful time than they are. It becomes a complex vicious circle, with people coming home more stressed than before they went away. Holiday preparations involve a series of mini-stresses, like tying up loose ends at work, remembering to cancel the milk and newspapers, boarding the family pet, arranging foreign currency, last-minute shopping, working out how much spending money to take and worrying about securing the home against burglars. Crowded airports, delayed flights and packed hotels are also major stress factors for most holiday makers. Some people like crowds, but holidays are a time for peace, quiet and personal space. Another strain is not being able to do what you want on holiday, so you end up compromising, and no one has a really good time. Disappointment is very stressful. Many couples and families are simply not used to spending a long time with each other, and some people cannot cope with that. A lot op people just find it difficult to relax. Stress experts say we should take two or three short holidays a year instead of a long mid-summer one. A big mistake is to take your holidays according to the month, instead of when your body tells you it is time to unwind. IV. Make a list of stress problems mentioned in the text.
1. Can holidays really be as stressful as this article suggests? 2. Have you even been on any stressful holidays?
The Best American Holiday. Most Americans, I believe, think that Thanksgiving has always been on the fourth Thursday of November and that it has been going on forever – or at least as near forever as anything gets in America. In fact, although the Mayflower Pilgrims did indeed hold a famous feast in 1621 to thank the local Indians for their help in getting them through their first difficult year and showing them how to make popcorn and so on, … there is no record of when that feast was held. Given the climate of New England, it was unlikely to have been late November. In any case, for the next 242 years Thanksgiving as an event was hardly noted. The first official celebration wasn’t held until 1863 – and then in August, of all months. The next year President Abraham Lincoln moved it arbitrarily to the fourth Thursday in November – no one seems to recall now why a Thursday, or why so late in the year and there it has stayed ever since. Thanksgiving is wonderful and for all kinds of reasons. To begin with, it has the commendable effect of staving off Christmas. Whereas in Britain Christmas shopping season seems nowadays to kick off around about August bank holiday. Christmas mania doesn’t traditionally begin in America until the last weekend in November. Moreover, Thanksgiving remains a pure holiday, largely unsullied by commercialization. It involves no greeting cards, no trees to trim, no perplexed hunt through drawers and cupboards for decorations. I love the fact that at Thanksgiving all you do is sit at a table and try to get your stomach into the approximate shape of a beach ball and then go and watch a game of football on TV. This is my kind of holidays. (From “I’m a Stranger Here Myself” by Bill Bryson). VIII. Find the answers to the questions in the text (write down the answers): 1. When do Americans celebrate Thanksgiving Holiday? 2. What was the reason for starting the celebration? 3. Did Americans always celebrate this holiday late in November? 4. How does the author prove it’s the best American holiday? IX. First think then write: 1. What style is the extract written in? Prove your point of view. 2. What is the author’s kind of holiday and what is yours? 3. What is your favourite holiday and why? 4. What makes you think that the text was written by an American? 5. What holidays in your country are the favourite of yours and are there any that irritate you? |
