Учебно-методический комплекс по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» составлен в соответствии с требованиями Государственного образовательного стандарта высшего профессионального образования,
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Вариант 5 I. Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2, 3. The Trade of Great Britain 1. International trade has always been important to Britain but its importance has increased markedly in recent years. Exports of goods and services now account for nearly a third of gross domestic product, compared with almost a fifth some 30 years ago; imports have shown a broadly similar trend as proportions of home demand. The fifth largest trading nation in the world, Britain provides just over 9 per cent of the main manufacturing countries' exports of manufactured goods. The country is a major supplier of aerospace products, motor vehicles, electrical equipment, chemicals, textiles and most types of machinery, and is a growing oil exporter. It relies upon imports for about two-fifths of total consumption of foodstuffs and for most of the raw materials required by industry. 2. Manufactured goods account for about three-quarters of exports of goods accounting to trade statistics); a feature is the shift towards finished, rather than semi-finished, goods. The most important group is machinery and transport equipment (34 per cent of exports in 1980). The share of fuels rose from 4 per cent of export in 1975 to 14 per cent in 1980 when, for the first time, exports of North Sea oil exceeded imports of crude oil.
5. Invisible trade (which includes payments and receipts for services such as shipping, travel and civil aviation, insurance and interest, profits and dividents arising out of overseas investment, and transfers between Britain and other countries) is of great significance to the economy, accounting for one-third of overseas earnings. Net earnings from invisibles are second only to those of the United States. II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
III. Найдите в тексте слово account и уточните его значение в данном контексте. IV. Вместо пропусков вставьте подходящее по смыслу слово или словосочетание. Переведите предложения на русский язык. account for, market, investment, equipment, leading part 1. Manufactured goods … about three-quarters of exports of goods.
5. The Government of Britain welcomes both inward and outward … .
to supply, to lead, to remove, to act, to pay. ЗАДАНИЕ 3 Для того чтобы выполнить задание 3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы грамматики английского языка:
Вариант 1 Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & Mc Cloy 1. Milbank is known to have offices in New York, Los Angeles, Washington, London, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore. Milbank, Tweed has been actively involved during the past several years in the emerging market for legal services in Central Europe. This involvement has stemmed largely from the Firm's broad representation of project developers and other Western companies exploring new business opportunities in these markets as well as our representation of key financial institutions, including Finnish and Austrian banks. The growth of the practice has been facilitated both by the Firm's traditional strength in relevant practice areas, such as joint ventures, project finance, trade transactions, trade regulation and leasing, and by the ability of Milbank lawyers in these practice t areas to communicate in Russian and in Central European languages, including German, Polish and Hungarian. 2. Milbank has been advising clients on business in Central Europe for many years. Most recently this advice has focused on the formation of joint ventures with Central European partners. The Firm has represented clients in a wide variety of these transactions, ranging from hotel and business service centres in Moscow to fish processing plants in Estonia and in Vladivostok. Other sectors with respect to which we have advised clients on joint ventures include petroleum exploration, cement, furniture manufacture and foods. Over the years Milbank has also advised Western banks Central European countries. The Firm is now analyzing new legislation enacted in Russia and other Central European countries that would permit Western companies to invest through the acquisition of shares in joint stock companies and other means, including investment in the context of privatization programs. 3. Milbank's leading reputation in International project finance has ensured its involvement in some of the largest and most complex projects so far considered in Central Europe. For example, Milbank represented the lead manager and the banks in connection with the first major project financing to be completed in Russia, the $330 million modernization of a polyethylene plant in Budyonovsk. We are currently advising on the project financing of a Moscow hotel and business service center, which is in the final stage of completion. In connection with its joint venture practice, Milbank has worked with clients on the structure of financing for a wide variety of other Central European projects. 4. In recognition of its project finance expertise, three Milbank partners were invited to Moscow last May to provide a seminar on the applicability of Western project finance techniques to the Russian market. The seminar was attended by more than 25 bank officers from the project finance, economic feasibility and foreign investment divisions. As a result of the seminar, Milbank has developed a closer working relationship with key officials and has initiated a dialogue with the Russian banks identifying new structures for project finance in Russia. I. Прочтите и устно переведите со словарем весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2. II. Выпишите из абзаца 3 предложение, где инфинитив употреблен в функции определения. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. Ш. Выпишите из абзаца 3 предложения с отглагольным существительным и причастием I. Переведите эти предложения на русский язык. IV. Выпишите из абзаца 4 предложение с причастием I. Переведите это предложение на русский язык.
Вариант 2 Milbank, Tweed, Hadley and Cloy 1. Milbank is known to have advised a variety of Western clients over the years of trade, licensing and related transactions with Central Europe. Most recently, for example, we advised a major American retail company on its sale of certain equipment for use in Russian hotels and assisted a Western bank in devising a structure to monetize East German foreign trade obligations. Milbank has many years of experience in advising clients on export controls and technology transfer restrictions that may be applicable in these transactions. Stanley Marcuss, the partner in charge of our Washington office, was responsible during the Carter Administration for the enforcement and implementation of the U.S. export control regulations. 2. Capital Markets Transactions. Milbank has represented a number of U.S. and Japanese financial Institutions in connection with syndicated loans and other capital markets transactions with Central European borrowers. The Firm has assisted a variety of Japanese leasing and trading companies in the structuring of so-called "square-trip" transactions, pursuant to which these financial institutions have furnished credits to International Investment Bank. Milbank lawyers also advised the arranger and sole dealer in connection with a Euro-commercial paper program for the National Bank of Hungary, the first such program established for a Central European issuer. In addition, Milbank lawyers represented banks during the 1980s in a number of sovereign loan restructurings for Central European countries, including Poland, Yugoslavia and Romania, and recently have been actively representing banks in the secondary market for trading such loans.
6. Assignments that indicate the scope of the Firm's real estate practice include representing Colgate-Palmolive in connection with its phased development of a project on the New Jersey "Gold Coast"; the planning and development of Embarcadero Center in San Francisco; representing a Venezuelan company in a joint venture for the development of Paternoster Square, a 7-acre site abutting St. Paul's Cathedral in The City of London; and joint ventures between a major Japanese construction company and New York developers involving more than $1 billion of equity investments in real estate projects. I. Прочитайте и устно переведите со словарем весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2.
Вариант 3 Milbank 1. Milbank is known to have extensive experience in representing clients in the issuance of the most innovative financial instruments appearing on the capital markets, including principal exchange-rate linked securities, foreign currency warrants (including money-backed warrants), index notes, reverse index notes, and auction rate preferred stock. In the Euro-finance market, Milbank has been involved in a significant number of “deals of the year” and deals involving new capital market techniques as listed by Euromoney.
4. In addition to general corporate mergers and acquisitions, Milbank has in-depth experience handling insurance, utility, banking and thrift industry mergers. We have represented many domestic and foreign buyers and sellers, active in cross-border transactions, and also regularly involved in representing venture capital partnerships and funds.
Our experience also includes all of the SEC and state securities regulations with which a corporate or financial institution operating in the United States must comply, including rules pertaining to mergers and acquisitions, financial controls, board of directors proceedings and corporate disclosure. I. Прочтите и устно переведите со словарем весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2, 3. II. Выпишите из абзаца 4 предложение с герундием. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. III. Выпишете из абзаца 5 предложение с причастием I. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. IV. Выпишите из абзаца 6 предложение с инфинитивом. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. V. Дайте ответы на вопросы по тексту:
Вариант 4 Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & Mc Cloy
I. Прочтите и устно переведите со словарем весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2, 3.
1. When was the Los Angeles office of Milbank opened?
Вариант 5 Milbank
Our lawyers in the structured finance area have served as underwriters’ or issuers’ counsel in connection with over $16 billion in offerings of collateralized mortgage obligations, public offerings of residential mortgage obligations, public offerings of residential mortgage loan pass-through securities, and private placements of residential and commercial mortgage loan pass-through securities.
I. Прочитайте и устно переведите со словарём весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1,2. II. Выпишите из абзаца 4 предложение с отглагольным существительным. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. III. Выпишите из абзаца 3 предложение с причастием I. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. IV. Выпишите из абзаца 5 предложение с инфинитивом. Переведите это предложение на русский язык. V. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы:
ЗАДАНИЕ 4 Вариант 1 Scientific Management Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915). F.W. Taylor called the Father of Scientific Management was an engineer by training. Taylor believed that management's principal object should be to secure the maximum prosperity for the employer, coupled with the maximum prosperity of each employee. The mutual interdependence of management and workers was a common message he expressed. Taylor's view of science insisted upon the systematic observation and measurement of worker activities. He was driven by the notion of applying science to answer questions about efficiency, cooperation, and motivation. Taylor believed that inefficient rules of management inevitably lead inefficiency, low productivity, and low-quality work. He recommended developing a science of management, the scientific selection and development of human resources, and personal cooperation between management and workers. Taylor believed that conflict among employees would obstruct productivity and so should be eliminated. Taylor advocated maximum specialization of labour. He believed the person should become a specialist and master of specific tasks. Also, he assumed that increased efficiency would result from specialization. Taylor was unhappy with anything short of the one best way. He searched through the use of scientific methods for the one best way to manage. Taylor tried to find a way to combine the interests of both management and labour to avoid the necessity for sweatshop management. He believed that the key to harmony was seeking to discover the one best way to do a job, determine the optimum work pace, train people to do the job properly, and reward successful performance by using an incentive pay system. Taylor believed that cooperation would replace conflict if workers and managers knew what was expected and saw the positive benefits of achieving mutual expectations. I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. II. Ответьте на вопросы:
Вариант 2 Managing the Future What does it mean "managing the future"? It means paying attention to the past, to the present, and to past and current patterns of change in the world around you. In managing the future, understanding and initiating action are top priorities. Constant innovation and improvement are valuable action steps. Relying solely on the past is neither possible nor good business. Using a past orientation results in missing opportunities and not keeping up with changes in today's emphasis on the customer. The past-oriented manager wants to attract and retain customers, but focuses on other parts of the business: the accounting system, tax laws, the source and flow of available raw materials. One future-oriented company that respects and has learned from the past and appreciates its founder is McDonald's. This fast-food firm knows that the past can't be repeated. This firm is in constant search of innovations to remain competitive, to build on its past reputation, and to improve its position in holding off more and more competitors. McDonald's innovations include the Big Mac, the Egg McMuffin, etc. McDonald's keeps innovating and improving and learns from the past because it can't afford to be lazy and nonresponsive. The competition is too fierce and opportunistic. The firm responds to its changing external and internal environment with new products, environmentally friendly waste products, improved service and better ways of doing business. Whether McDonald's Corporation founder Ray Kroc ever studied or considered the historical roots of management isn't known. However, by reviewing Kroc's style and strategies, we get the impression that he used the past as a way of learning how to manage his and McDonald's future. Kroc was an innovator who favored taking action to stay ahead of the competition. The firm's history clearly shows that his insistence on quality has become a part of McDonald's internal cultural fabric. I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. II. Ответьте на вопросы:
Вариант 3 Faberge Jewelry: A Long Russian History At the turn of the 19th century, Peter Faberge, the grandfather of the celebrated jeweler, moved from Schwedt-on-Oder to Rarnu. Here, in 1814, was born his son Gustav, founder of the famous company and father of Peter Carl Faberge. Destined to become the most famous of the Faberge's, Carl studied in Germany, Britain, Italy, and France. In 1870, at the age of 24, Carl came to St. Petersburg, Russia, to take over his father's business. Faberge was soon to enjoy his first taste of success. He won a gold medal at an all-Russian exhibition, praise from Alexander III, and the title of Jeweler to His Imperial Majesty and to the Royal Hermitage. Four years later, in 1885, he won international recognition in the form of a gold medal. Faberge's greatest successes both at exhibitions and with the closely related royal families of Europe were his famous Easter eggs containing jeweled gifts. The first golden Easter egg was seen at the Nurnberg Exhibition. The idea of jeweled Easter eggs was itself nothing new. The tradition of presenting Easter eggs which were generously decorated by court jewelers, dates back to the time of Louis XV. Yet Faberge didn't just imitate established styles nor did he copy his predecessors. His clients were struck: not only by the abundance of precious stones and the carefully considered combinations of materials that were previously regarded as incompatible. He blended multicolored gold, silver, platinum, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds with semiprecious stones (agates, jasper, and chalcedony) and mineral gems (jade, lapis, rhodonites, and obsidians). Carl Faberge was not only bursting with new ideas, he was also an outstanding production manager. At its prime, the Faberge firm employed more than 500 craftsmen. Faberge encouraged each of them to develop his own distinctive style. Yet, despite the diversity of style and the range of Faberge products, the firm's goods are always recognizable and are always of a high quality. I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. II. Ответьте на вопросы:
Вариант 4 Nestle Expands Globally The Switzerland-based Nestle corporation, once a Swiss chocolate maker, now is the world's biggest food company and the largest producer of coffee, powdered milk, and frozen dinners. The company also became number 1 in candy after passing Mars. And with the purchase of Perrier for $2.7 billion, Nestle became the world's largest producer of mineral water with a 20 per cent share of the world market. Nestle achieved its success through intensive global expansion. Nestle does only 2 per cent of its business in Switzerland: the remaining 98 per cent is in other countries. One of the first multinational corporation, Nestle now has production facilities in more than 60 countries. Its products can be found almost everywhere around the globe. In Europe, where Nestle's success is greatest, sales of instant coffee, mineral water, yogurt, frozen foods, cold cuts, candy, and cereal bars total roughly $ 10.2 billion. One secret to Nestle's success is that many of its products - especially instant coffee, chocolates, and frozen foods - appeal to consumers all over the world. For example, coffee is closing in on tea as the favourite drink in Japan. Frozen dinners, long a hit in the United States, are catching on in Europe. And of course chocolate tastes the same in any language. Although these products have to be adapted slightly to local tastes, they generally can be sold worldwide. Because of high research and development costs as well as high costs of marketing, Nestle benefits greatly by offering products with global appeal. After making large investments in its products, the company has been to move brands from one country to another with relative ease. Now Nestle is looking to what Maucher thinks is the market of the future, the Third World. Currently, 20 per cent of the world's population consumes 80 per cent of Nestle' s products. They would be satisfied if the company's products were seen in more parts of the world. The company also will look to what Maucher considers the food of the future-pasta. As he puts it, “We can't feed the world on beefsteak. So noodles will conquer the world”. Most industry experts agree that Nestle is in the best position of any food company to expand internationally. Most of its competitors, which have been concentrating on their domestic markets, would be happy if they were involved in the profitable international trade. I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. II. Ответьте на вопросы:
Вариант 5 Britain's Banking and Financial Institutions Britain is the world's leading financial centre and the home of international banking and financial markets. The city of London holds the greatest concentration of banks in the world and is responsible for about a fifth of total international bank lending. It also accommodates the world's largest insurance and reinsurance industry and one of the world's largest stock exchanges. The daily turnover of money in London's Foreign exchange Markets alone is about $303 billion compared to $192 billion in New York and $128 billion in Tokyo. Over the last Britain's income from banking, financial and business services, life and general insurance, investment management and leasing has risen sharply, accounting for some 14 per cent in 1990. During the 1980s - a decade marked by unprecedented growth and financial institutions entered a new and challenging era. Reforms also brought specific areas of service into line with other Member States in the European Union. Major retail banks serving the personal and commercial sectors have extended and improved their product and service range. The interests of individual investors have been protected and financial service institutions have submitted to guidelines. Britain's leading position owes much to the traditional of the City and Port of London as a centre for trade; also to the City's responsiveness to new challenges. The City offers: The world's biggest international financial markets. A time-zone advantage in 24-hour global dealings. Comprehensive financial expertise and innovation. International professional advisers. Liberal financial regulations. Worldwide communications. A stable political climate. A compact location with first rate amenities (and new, prime office developments in nearby Docklands). World-class cultural entertainment. I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. II. Ответьте на вопросы:
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Дальневосточный государственный технический университет (ДВПИ имени В.В.Куйбышева) Дальнереченский социально-экономический институт (филиал)
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