Конспект открытого урока «Саратов мой любимый город» в рамках темы «Школа» в 7а классе
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| САФОНОВА ЛАРИСА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА, УЧИТЕЛЬ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА ВЫСШЕЙ КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННОЙ КАТЕГОРИИ МОУ «ГИМНАЗИЯ №5» ЗАВОДСКОГО РАЙОНА Г. САРАТОВА План – конспект открытого урока «Саратов – мой любимый город» в рамках темы «Школа» в 7а классе. Дата проведения – сентябрь 2007-2008 уч.г. Форма проведения – Защита проектов Цель – совершенствование коммуникативных навыков учащихся, обобщение информации по теме «Саратов – мой любимый город» Ход урока: 1. Аудирование (режим T - Cl). A year ago I had a chance to go sightseeing and visit the Botanical Gardens with its exotic trees and flowers in one of the towns. There was a special lane with trees planted by honourable guests and prominent polititions. The guide took us to a large tree planted by the first world`s cosmonaut Yury Gagarin in 1961. I asked a guy standing near me whether he knew where Gagarin had landed after his space flight. «In Moscow,» he replied. I couldn`t help smiling and corrected him: « Gagarin landed on the left bank of the Volga river near Saratov.» I feel sorry that a great number of Russians, especially the young generation, can not tell whether Saratov is situated north or south of Volgograd or Ulyanovsk, and on what bank of the biggest river in Europe which Russians call Mother Volga, Gagarin landed. 2. Контроль аудирования (режим T - P1, P2) - вопросы по прочитанному материалу. 3. Практика монологического высказывания. Защита проектов:
Saratov was founded in 1590 as a stronghold against the forays of nomads. The buildings were wooden and in 1693 Saratov suffered the same fate as London in 1666- a great fire demolished the settlement, also it`s wooden Trinity Church. The inhabitants began to reconstruct the town and built a new Trinity Church, using stones and bricks in 1695. According to the chronicle, Tsar Peter the Great visited Saratov in the summer of the same year sailing along the Volga to Azov. In 1712 another big fire broke out in the town and demolished a lot of houses; but the Trinity Church, the main church of Saratov, survived the disaster. Later, bricklayers built another storey and made additional annexes to the Cathedral. Peter the Great visited Saratov for the second time for negotiations with Kalmyk Khan, Ayuka. The event took place in June 1722. The Tsar was pleased to see the beautiful Cathedral and was satisfied with the negotiations with the Khan. After the last fire the town fathers decided to rebuild the place according to a new plan: the streets must be very wide and laid in straight lines and should also be crossed by wide and straight avenues. If you look at the centre of Saratov`s map you can compare the plan of the town with that of Manhattan. Also green park squares were laid out; so Saratov is a very green place and resembles London. The famous park in the centre of the town is called Lipky because of the number of linden trees planted there in 1885.
A great number of well- known people of Russia came from Saratov and Saratov Region : A. Radishev- an enlightner and revolutionary; N. Chernyishevsky- a democrat and a writer; P. Yablochkov- an inventor of the electrical lamp in Russia: K. Fedin- a well- known Russian writer; P. Stolyipin- a governor of Saratov in 1905-1906, then Interior Minister and Prime Minister of Russia, K. Petrov- Vodkin and V. Borisov- Musatov- famous Russian painters. Well-known cinema and drama actors who lived and studied in Saratov became famous all over the country: B. Andreev, O. Yankovsky, E. Lebedev, O. Tabakov, E. Mironov, and G. Aredakov. And who does not know Valeriya- a brilliant pop- singer, and Kombinaciya- a pop- group of Perestroika.( One of the singers of the group finished school number 90.)
Saratov also became one of the biggest ports on the Volga. The first steamship appeared on the Volga in 1846 and its name was Volga. The next year two more cargo vessels started sailing on the river. Their names were Samson and Hercules. They had a very slow speed and moved only in the day time. Two big steamship companies, Mercury and Samolet, were organized in 1849 and 1854. Both were the owners of cargo and passenger ships. The latter had cabins for passengers of first, second and third class. By 1880 more than 200 cargo and passenger ships were sailing along the Volga. In summer navigation, the right bank of the river near Saratov turned into a 6- mile-long berth, serving simaltaneously as market place and a prominade for thousands of strolling people.
Saratov also became one of the most cultural places along the Volga, among other towns. In 1885, an Arts Museum was opened in Saratov, the first museum for the rank and file people in Russia. The famous Tretyakov Gallery was organized only in 1892 and the St. Petersburg Russian Museum opened its doors for the public in 1897. the founder of Saratov Museum was an artist Alexey Bogomolov, the grandson of the Russian revolutionary and enlightener Alexandre Radishev. Residents of Saratov were fond of singing folk songs and chastushkas to the accompaniment of the Saratovskaya concertina with three little bells. People were also interested in classical music. In 1875 the first musical school was organized; it was attached to a branch of the Russian Musical Society. Twenty years latter the school turned into a Musical College and latter in 1912 into a Conservatory. It was the third Russian higher musical institution after the St. Petersburg and Moscow Conservatories. At the beginning of the 19th century two drama theatres were organized in Saratov. Both were destroyed by fire as they were made of wood. The first brick theatre was constructed in 1865. Plays by A. Ostrovsky, N. Gogol, and A. Chechov were performed there. Also dramas and comedies by W. Shakespeare were very popular among local audiences. In 1890 an opera company was organized and the troupe performed many classical operas by famous Russian composers: Glinka, Borodin, Rimsky- Korsakov, Tchaykovsky and others. Famous opera singers liked to come to Saratov and sing for the audiences. Among them were L. Sobinov, F. Shalyapin, and A. Nezhdanova. In 1909 a university was organized. At first there was only Medical faculty. Later there appeared many others- geology, chemistry, phisics, and math.
For a long time Saratov was called the capital of the Volga Region; it used to be the centre of trade and business. In the second half of the 17th century fishing began to develop and get stronger. A great many tons of wonderful fish and caviar were sent from here to various places in Russia. It is not by chance that the emblem of Saratov is a shield with three sterlets on a blue field- a kind of the symbol of the region`s rich fisheries. In the middle of the 18th century the development of the town was greatly helped by the beginning of extraction of salt from Elton Lake. The next branch of business peculiar to Saratov is the grain trade. It is dated from the end of the 18th century. A great part in the life of the town and the region was played by the German settlers invited by Catherine the second. They began to play the leading role in the flour- grinding industry of the region. The German lived in the so-called German village; later their places of residence became the centre of Saratov and the street was called Nemetskaya or German Street. In the Soviet years the street was re-named after Kirov, a famous revolutionary. Saratov was famous as a big transhipping point: grains, fish, salt were sent to provinces and both capitals. It is natural that fairs became very popular in Saratov. In 1882 the first trade exchange was organized in the town. Banks began to function. New iron forging, machine-building and textile industries appeared. Saratov took the first place among the five provinces of the Middle and Lower Volga. 4. Заключительный этап. The most famous citizen of Saratov was Yury Gagarin. He was not a native of the town, but once said: «Saratov is my second motherland.» He studied in Saratov Industrial College during 1951- 1955 and at the same time learned to fly in the local Aeroclub. After finishing college he was enrolled in the army and became a military pilot; then in 1961 he was launched into space and became the first world cosmonaut. As fate willed, Yury Gagarin landed on Saratov soil on the left bank of the Volga a few kilometres from Saratov. The landing spot has becоme a place of pilgrimage. |
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