ЗАДАНИЕ II
Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в требуемом по смыслу времени.
THE ASS WITH A SACK OF SALT (A Fable)
An ass, who (to carry) a large sack of salt which his master (to place) on his back,(to come) to a stream over which there (to be) a bridge. As he (to cross) thebridge he (to slip) and (to fall) into the stream. The salt (to melt) in the water and the ass (to be) glad that his sack (to become) so light. The next day the ass (to cross) the bridge with another bag of salt. He (to remember) what (to happen) the day before, (to fall) into the stream on purpose and (to stay) there until the salt (to melt).After he (to do) the same thing a time, his master (to decide) to cure the lazy animal of his tricks. He (to fill) the bag sponges and (to tie) it on the ass's back. When the ass (to come) to the stream, he If) plunge) into the water at once, expecting that the bag (to become) still lighter. He (to be), however, greatly disappointed when a few-minutes later he (to find) that the bag (to be) ten times heavier than it (to be) before.
Ш.Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb: infinitive or –ingform.
Don't switch off without (close down) your PC.
I want to (upgrade) my computer.
He can't get used to (log on) with a password.
You can find information on the Internet by (use) a search engine.
He objected to (pay) expensive telephone calls for Internet access.
He tried to (hack into) the system without (know) the password.
You needn't learn how to (program) in HTML before (design) webpages.
I look forward to (input) data by voice instead of (use) a keyboard.
VI.Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple Passive:
1.Hand-held/ palmtop computers----------------------- (call) PDAs and pocket computers.
2.Desktop model computers (limit) to three internal mass storage devices.
3.Personal computer (use) by an individual user.
V.Используя модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты, переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Я не могу закончить работу сегодня.
2. Он, возможно, напишет вам об этом сам.
3. Тебе нужно будет встать рано завтра .
Вопросы к зачету для проведения промежуточной аттестации
Примерный перечень вопросов к зачету по дисциплине
«Иностранный язык» (1сем.)
К концу 1-го семестра студенты должны знать грамматический материал в следующем объеме:
Reading rules; word order; questions; personal pronouns; verb to be; nouns; articles; my/mine; myself; prepositions of place and time; there is/are; have/have got; some/any/no/every; one/ones; a lot(of)/much, many/(a)few,(a)little; Present Simple Active; Present Continuous Active; Present Perfect Continuous Active; Past Simple/Past Continuous Active; compound nouns; regular verbs/irregular verbs; linking words(while/during/for); numerals; comparative and superlative adjectives; modals; verb patterns; relative clauses.
Чтение, ответы на вопросы по тексту и пересказ связного по содержанию текста объемом 1500 печатных знаков
COMPUTER LANGUAGES
Unfortunately for us, computers can't understand spoken English or any other natural language. The only language they can understand directly is machine code, which consists of 1 s and Os (binary code).
Machine code is too difficult to write. For this reason, we use symbolic languages to communicate instructions to the computer. For example, assembly languages use abbreviations such as ADD, SUB,MPY to represent instructions. The program is then translated into machine code by a piece of software called an assembler. Machine code and assembly languages are called low-level languages because they are closer to the hardware. They are quite complex and restricted to particular machines. To make the programs easier to write, and to overcome the problem of intercommunication between different types of computer, software developers designed high-level languages, which are closer to the English language. Here are some examples:
FORTRANwas developed by IBM in 1954 and is still used for scientific and engineering applications.
COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) was developed in 1959 and is mainly used for business applications.
BASIC was developed in the 1960s and was widely used in microcomputer programming because it was easy to learn. Visual BASIC is a modern version of the old BASIC language, used to build graphical elements such as buttons and windows in Windows programs.
PASCAL was created in 1971. It is used in universities to teach the fundamentals of programming.
Сwas developed in the 1980s at AT&T It is used to write system software, graphics and commercial applications, C++ is a version of С. which incorporates object-oriented programming: the programmer concentrates on particular things (a piece of text, a graphic or a table, etc) and gives each object functions which can be altered without changing the entire program. For example, to add a new graphics format, the programmer needs to rework just the graphics object. This makes programs easier to modify.
Java was designed by Sun in 1995 to run on the Web. Java applets provide animation and interactive features on web pages.
Programs written in high-level languages must be translated into machine code by a compiler or an interpreter. A compiler translates the source code into object code - that is, it converts the entire program into machine code in one go. On the other hand, an interpreter translates the source code line by line as the program is running.
It is important not to confuse programming languages with markup languages, used to create web documents. Markup languages use instructions, known as markup tags, to format and link text files. Some examples include:
HTML, which allows us to describe how information will be displayed on web pages.
XML, which stands for Extensible Markup Language. While HTML uses pre-defined tags, XML enables us to define our own tags; it is not limited by a fixed set of tags.
VoiceXML, which makes Web content accessible via voice and phone. VoiceXML is used to create voice applications that run on the phone, whereas HTML is used to create visual applications (for example, web pages).
Read the text again and answer these questions.
Do computers understand human languages? Why? / Why not?
What is the function of an assembler?
Why did software developers design high-level languages?
Which language is used to teach programming techniques?
What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
Why are HTML and VoiceXML called markup languages?
Примерный перечень вопросов для обсуждения:
When did the first personal computer appear?
What is a personal computer?
What are the main spheres of PC applications?
What professions are in great need of computers?
What is modem and what is it used for?
What is programming?
What is a code?
What is the foundation of any programming language?
What programming languages do you know?
What is FORTRAN used for?
What does COBOL serve for?
2семестр
К концу 2-го семестра студенты должны знать грамматический материал в следующем объеме:
Regular verbs/irregular verbs; linking words(while/during/for); numerals; comparative and superlative adjectives; modals; verb patterns; relative clauses; tenses active and passive; articles; prepositions; pronouns; causatives; conditionals; complex object/complex subject; gerund/infinitive; subjunctive; have/get smth done.
Прочитать и пересказать на английском языке текст по специальности объемом 1500 печатных знаков.
How TCP/IP Links Dissimilar Machines
At the heart of the Internet Protocol (IP) portion of TCP/IP is a concept called the Internet address. This 32-bit coding system assigns a number to every node on the network. There are various types of addresses designed for networks of different sizes, but you can write every address with a series of numbers that identify the major network and the sub-networks to which a node is attached. Besides identifying a node, the address provides a path that gateways can use to route information from one machine to another.
Although data-delivery systems like Ethernet or X. 25 bring their packets to any machine electrically attached to the cable, the IP modules must know each other's Internet addresses if they are to communicate. A machine acting as a gateway connecting different TCP/IP networks will have a different Internet address on each network. Internal look-up tables and software based on another standard - called Resolution Protocol - are used to route the data through a gateway between networks.
Another piece of software works with the IP-layer programs to move information to the right application on the receiving system. This software follows a standard called the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). You can think of the UDP software as creating a data address in the TCP/IP message that states exactly what application the data block is supposed to contact at the address the IP software has described. The UDP software provides the final routing for the data within the receiving system.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) part of TCP/IP comes into operation once the packet is delivered to the correct Internet address and application port. Software packages that follow the TCP standard run on each machine, establish a connection to each other, and manage the communication exchanges. A data-delivery system like Ethernet doesn't promise to deliver a packet successfully. Neither IP nor UDP knows anything about recovering packets that aren't successfully delivered, but TCP structures and buffers the data flow, looks for responses and takes action to replace missing data blocks. This concept of data management is called reliable stream service.
After TCP brings the data packet into a computer, other high-level programs handle it. Some are enshrined in official US government standards, like the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). If you use these standard protocols on different kinds of computers, you will at least have ways of easily transferring files and other kinds of data.
Conceptually, software that supports the TCP protocol stands alone. It can work with data received through a serial port, over a packet-switched network, or from a network system like Ethernet. TCP software doesn't need to use IP or UDP, it doesn't even have to know they exist. But in practice TCP is an integral part of the TCP/IP picture, and it is most frequently used with those two protocols.
Find the answers to these questions in the following text.
What purpose does the Internet address have apart from identifying a node?
What data-delivery systems are mentioned in the text?
What do IP modules need to know about each other to communicate?
How many Internet addresses does a gateway have?
What does UDP software do?
When does the TCP part of TCP/IP come into operation?
What processes are performed by TCP software to provide reliable stream service?
What standard protocols are mentioned which are used to deal with the data after TCP brings it into the computer?
Примерный перечень вопросов для обсуждения:
(2 семестр)
What types of storage do you know?
What do you know of electronic memories?
What is RAM/ROM?
What storage devices do you know?
What is the function of the CPU?
What is the ALU function?
What is the function of CU?
What is the heart (brain) of a microprocessor?
What is the purpose of input devices?
3семестр
К концу 3-го семестра студенты должны знать грамматический материал в следующем объеме:
Reading rules; word order; questions; personal pronouns; verb to be; nouns; articles; my/mine; myself; prepositions of place and time; there is/are; have/have got; some/any/no/every; one/ones; a lot(of)/much, many/(a)few,(a)little; Present Simple Active; Present Continuous Active; Present Perfect Continuous Active; Past Simple/Past Continuous Active; compound nouns; regular verbs/irregular verbs; linking words(while/during/for); numerals; comparative and superlative adjectives; modals; verb patterns; relative clauses.
Прочитать и пересказать на английском языке текст по специальности объемом 1500 печатных знаков.
Becoming Certified
Suppose you're a support engineer. You're stuck in a job you don't like and you want to make a change. One way of making that change is to improve your marketability to potential employers by upgrading your skill-set. If you're going to train yourself up however, whose training should you undertake? If you need certificates, whose certificates should they be? Even if you get those certificates, how certain can you be that your salary will rise as a result? One solution is the range of certifications on offer from Microsoft.
Microsoft offers a large array of certification programmes aimed at anyone from the user of a single program such as Microsoft Word, to someone who wants to become a certified support engineer. There are a myriad of certificates to study for too. If you're the proud holder of any of those qualifications, then you're entitled to call yourself a Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP).
Once you've decided which track you want to take, you should consider just how qualified you already are in terms of experience and knowledge. Will you need to go and take some courses with a training company, or are you the type who can make good use of self-study materials? How much time do you genuinely have to devote towards this? Will your employer pay for your course? Will it grant you leave to go and do the course - assuming you can find one – on either a full-time or part-time basis?
The key question here is experience. This will not only influence the amount of work you'll have to do to get up to speed for the exams, it could also mean the difference between passing or failing the exam.
While you're busy learning all you need to know for your certification, the practice exams are an absolute godsend. They show you the type of questions you'll encounter, and they familiarize you with the structure of the exam. This is essential if you want to pass: the exams have time limits, and you need to get used to answering the requisite number of questions within the allotted time. It's as simple as that.
If you decide a training course will help you out don't let the title of a course alone convince you that it will be suitable or cost effective. Find out exactly what the course offers and whether there are pre-requisites for attendants. You should also find out what the training company is prepared to do if attendants don't have the minimum knowledge necessary to be on the course.
As exams are replaced by 'updated' ones, you need to upgrade your certification to stay current. Ultimately it's your responsibility to make sure you stay up to date. If you don't, you lose your certification until you take an update.
As a support engineer, you get the satisfaction of knowing that you passed a tough test, and the happy knowledge that your network manager is sweating a bit over the fact that you could be head-hunted at any time.
Find the answers to these questions in the following text.
What advice is given for someone who is stuck in a computing support job?
What questions should you ask yourself if you are thinking of getting extra training?
What computer program is mentioned in the text?
Name two ways of studying that are mentioned in the text.
What two factors will be affected by your level of experience?
Why is it important to become used to answering exam questions?
What factors help you decide whether the course will be suitable or cost effective?
What happens if you don't upgrade your certification?
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