Учебное пособие по практической грамматике казанцев С. А
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Расскажите, что вы или кто-нибудь из ваших друзей делаете дома, на работе, на занятиях, во время отдыха и т. п. 6. Сделайте следующие предложения вопросительными и отрицательными. Образец 1: They live in the North. Do they live in the North? They don't live in the North. 1. They speak English in class. 2. Phil lives round here. 3.1 know the answer. 4. Mary gets home at about eight. 5. She often phones me in the evening. 6. My friends advise Jack to do the job at once. 7. After hard work he likes to read science fiction. 8. The Smiths arrive in the evening. 9. She teaches them French. 10. John sets off very early. 11. We have breakfast at night. 12. I envy you. 13. Kitty understands everything. 14. Jack and Tom play soccer very well. 15. They live in the country. 16. The weather keeps fine. 17. We often see them at the theatre. 18. He studies a lot of subjects 19. I understand you. 20. Their dog barks all night long. Образец 2: He is our friend. Is he our friend? He is not our friend. 1. We are your neighbors. 2. The story is strange. 3. You are an honest man. 4. Mary and Ann are great friends. 5. I am sorry for the lad. 6. All their children are in poor health. 7. That is the end of the story. 8. We are at home. 9. She is a beauty. 10. His parents aге abroad now. 11. I am Martin's wife. 7. Заполните пропуски формами глаголов: do, don’ t, does, doesn’t, is, isn't, am, am not, aren't. 1. ... know this man? 2. Не ... answer the question. 3. I ... so tired. 4. She ... know who I ... 5. … he get lost in town? 6. ... she your friend? 7. They ... at home yet. 8. She ... come here at all. 9. ... Mary cook well? 10. I ... serious, you know. 11. ... Tom lives in the country? 12. We ... see each other. 13. ... the boy drive the car? 14. I ... get up too early. 15. The weather ... too warm today. 8. Составьте общие вопросы со следующими глаголами: То live, to write, to have, to spend, to see, to study, to work, to know, to speak, to love, to be. Образец: Do you know the rule? Does he like court games? Can you/he skate? Are you a student? 9. Переведите вопросительные предложения на английский язык
Обратите внимание. А. Вопросительные предложения со словами Who? - Кто?, What? - Что? cтроятся по структуре Who + Vs?, What + Vs? Вопрос относится к подлежащему предложения. Who helps you? – Кто помогает вам? What helps you? – Что помогает вам? Who has problems? – Кто имеет проблемы? Но: Who do you help? – Кому вы помогаете? Переведите следующие предложения, используя указанные структуры (глаголы to influence smbd., to depress, to respect, to worry, to make smbd. happy, angry помогут вам выполнить упражнение).
В. Вспомните. Слово much (с неисчисляемыми существительными) и many (с исчисляемыми существительными) употребляются в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях, a lot of употребляется во всех типах предложений. I have a lot of friends / Do you have many(a lot of) friends / I don’t have many(a lot of) friends. I have a lot if time / Do you have much(a lot of) time / I don’t have much(a lot of) time. Соответственно, в специальных вопросах будет How much time do you have?(с неисчисляемыми существительными) и How many friends do you have?(с исчисляемыми существительными). a)
b)
5. Постройте вопросительные предложения по структуре вопросительное слово+do+S+V 1. Do, you, study, what? 2. You, when, do, to work, go? 3. Have, you, what friends, do? 4. Do, what, they, like? 5. Why, do, you, help, your friends? 6. They, do, meet, where? 7. Do, your friends, have, what problems? 8. Do, where, they, relax? 9. What, do, they, hate? 10. Do, your partners, where, speak English? 11. Do, you, why, need, my help? 12. Do, we, discuss, what problems? 13. Do, where, you, study? 14. Do, what, they, cook, often, at home? 15. What, I, do, have? 16. Do, they, watch TV, when? 17. Do, you, like, what friends? 18. What coffee, you, prefer, do? 19. Your partners, do, go, where? 10. Составьте 12 специальных вопросов с вопросительными словами what, who, whose, where, when, what time, what kind, how many, how much, how often, how long, why и нижеследующими глаголами То set off, to watch NV, to have dinner, to read, to go to bed, to live, to write, to know, to think, to get up, to work, to see, to be (домашняя работа) Образец: Where do you live? When does he come home? What can you say? Who are you? 11. Составьте 10 специальных вопросов к подлежащему, используя глаголы to work, to teach, to write, to read, to know, to understand, to help, to frighten, to surprise, to amuse и вопросительные слова who и what (дом. pабота) Образец: Who lives in this house? What worries you? Who can answer my question? Who is here? Сделайте упражнение по образцу. A: What do you have for breakfast? Bacon and eggs? B: Yes, I have bacon and eggs. What do you have? (stress on you)
12. Поставьте вопросы ко всем членам предложения. 1. Mary gets up very late. 2. In our town TV programmes begin at six o'clock. 3. Their family goes to the country early in June. 4. At home Jimmy wears his new slippers. 5. Late at night my husband walks our dog in the park. 6. In autumn the days grow dull. 7. I hate to swim in cold water. 8. Tom came here to see his friends. 9. Every evening they gather in the hall to discuss the course of events. 10. We usually stay in the country about two months. 13. Сформулируйте вопросы, ответами на которые были бы следующие предложения. 1. Не gets up at six o'clock. 2. They live in a new block of flats. 3. Miss Cornhill teaches them English. 4. Rosie comes here every day. 5. My sister does. 6. I learn English. 7. She hates such dull days. 8. We read about two hundred pages a month. 9. Ned only comes here to see you. 10. His friends do. 11. She only reads books in history. 12. He usually works till late at night. 14. Задайте все возможные вопросы к следующим предложениям и их членам. Образец: Mr. Jones comes to Paris on business every month. Does Mr. Jones come to Paris on business every month? Mr. Jones comes to Paris on business every month, doesn't he? Doesn't Mr. Jones come to Paris on business every month? Does Mr. Jones come on business to Paris or to Rome? Who comes to Paris on business every month? What does Mr. Jones do? Where does Mr. Jones come on business every month? When does Mr. Jones come to Paris? What does Mr. Jones come to Paris for? 1. Our school year ends in June. 2. We use the Present Simple to talk about things in general. 3. In winter the days are very short. 4. I thank you for your kindness. 5. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 6. Every man must do his duty. 7. People usually walk their dogs early in the morning. 8. You are just that sort of man. 9. We can go on very well together. 10. With a long whistle he drops into the big chair. 15. Прочитайте предложения вслух, прокомментируйте значение и употребление выделенных форм Present Simple. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1.Nobody comes here now. 2. "Try my cigar." "Thank you. I prefer a pipe". 3. This book only costs three shillings. 4. A cat in gloves catches no mice. 5. You're a wonderful woman, Mary. You never lose temper with your children. 6. Time is money. 7. He hangs up the receiver and leaves the box. 8. Life has its ups and downs. 9. His speeches sometimes annoy me immensely. 10. The atmosphere of the earth contains far more oxygen than does Mars. 11. Everybody tries to escape from town in the summer. 13. The door opens inside. 14. They go down the escalator and arrive on the platform. 15. Аз a rule they leave my place at about four o'clock. 16. A good beginning makes a good ending. 17. She does things nicely and charges very little. 18. He speaks three languages. 19. I accept your explanation. 20. I tell you you're quite wrong about your wife.
Образец: At the Institute I read English texts, write dictations and answer my teacher’s questions. 1. To work at an office; to write very much; to study hard; to skate well; to play tennis badly; to go to school; to work at a plant; to get up at seven; to come home; to have dinner; to go to bed; to walk the dog; to go to the swimming pool; to play chess; to take a shower. 2. To translate texts, to spell words, to revise grammar rules, to ask questions, to write compositions, to make notes, to receive visitors, to make telephone calls. 3. To come home, to take off one's coat, to switch on the light, to go to the kitchen, to cook supper, to go to the sitting room, to switch on TV, to have supper, to watch TV, to ring up one's friends, to come to the office, to open the door, to enter the room, to draw up the blinds, to make telephone calls, to receives visitors. 17. Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте значение и употребление выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (A) 1. You see, I love him so! 2. It is so nice down here. I feel so happy. 3. Look here, I really mean it. 4. I want to have that kitten so! 5. I know all your secrets now. 6. I mean to get even with them. 7. It's too dark in here. I see nothing at all. 8. Don't get angry, I want to get you out of all this. 9. Now I see what you really mean. 10. I like your cake very much, you are very kind. 11. So you think it's true? 12. Stop shouting, we all hear you perfectly well. 13. She feels stronger today. 14. Oh, how pretty you look! (B) 1. "Stop, stop! What goes on here?" 2. "Where is Jane?" "She serves supper in the kitchen." 3. I listen to you, I'm all attention. 4. "Look, here comes Mr. Johnson." 5. Don't look at me so, I offer you help. 6. What's the matter with you? You talk through your nose. 7. And now I come to the most surprising part of my story. 8. He tries to go to seep but he can't. 9. And now he just waits and does nothing at all. 10. I suppose I must be thankful. They promise me a lot. 11. They keep silent for a while. The boy stares at the old man, and the old man looks him back. 12. "Can you hurry up?" "I can. Now I slip on my coat. Now I open the door." 13. Listen! How well she sings! 14. I tell you it's a lie. |
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